Antemortem detection of chronic wasting disease prions in nasal brush collections and rectal biopsies from white-tailed deer by real time quaking-induced conversion
Antemortem detection of chronic wasting disease prions in nasal brush
collections and rectal biopsies from white-tailed deer by real time
quaking-induced conversion
Nicholas J. Haleya#, Chris Siepkera, W. David Walterb, Bruce V. Thomsenc,
Justin J. Greenleed, Aaron D. Lehmkuhlc and Jürgen A. Richta
+ Author Affiliations Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology,
College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USAa
U.S. Geological Survey, Pennsylvania Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research
Unit, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USAb 3USDA,
APHIS, VS, STAS, National Veterinary Service Laboratories, Ames, Iowa, USAc
Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Ames,
Iowa, USAd
ABSTRACT
Chronic wasting disease (CWD), a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of
cervids, was first documented nearly fifty years ago in Colorado and Wyoming,
and has since spread to cervids in 23 states, two Canadian provinces, and the
Republic of Korea. The expansion of this disease makes the development of
sensitive diagnostic assays and antemortem sampling techniques crucial for the
mitigation of spread; this is especially true in cases of
relocation/reintroduction of farmed or free-ranging deer and elk, or
surveillance studies in private or protected herds where depopulation is
contraindicated. This study sought to evaluate the sensitivity of the real-time
quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assay using recto-anal mucosa associated
lymphoid tissue (RAMALT) biopsies and nasal brush samples collected antemortem
from farmed white-tailed deer (n=409). Antemortem findings were then compared to
results from ante- and postmortem samples (RAMALT, brainstem and medial
retropharyngeal lymph nodes) evaluated using the current gold standard in vitro
assay, immunohistochemistry (IHC). We hypothesized the sensitivity of RT-QuIC
would be comparable to IHC in antemortem tissues, and would correlate with both
genotype and stage of clinical disease. Our results showed that RAMALT testing
by RT-QuIC had the highest sensitivity (69.8%) when compared to postmortem
testing, with a specificity of >93.9%. These data suggest that RT-QuIC, like
IHC, is an effective assay for detection of PrPCWD in rectal biopsies and other
antemortem samples, and with further research to identify more sensitive
tissues, bodily fluids, or experimental conditions, has potential for large
scale and rapid automated testing for CWD diagnosis.
FOOTNOTES
↵#Address correspondence to Nicholas J. Haley, nicholas.j.haley@gmail.com.
Copyright © 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Friday, August 14, 2015
*** Susceptibility of cattle to the agent of chronic wasting disease from
elk after intracranial inoculation
Friday, August 14, 2015
Carcass Management During a Mass Animal Health Emergency Draft Programmatic
Environmental Impact Statement—August 2015
Tuesday, September 22, 2015
*** Host Determinants of Prion Strain Diversity Independent of Prion
Protein Genotype
Friday, August 28, 2015
*** Chronic Wasting Disease CWD TSE Prion Diagnostics and subclinical
infection
Saturday, February 6, 2016
Secretary's Advisory Committee on Animal Health; Meeting [Docket No.
APHIS-2016-0007] Singeltary Submission
Friday, February 05, 2016
Report of the Committee on Wildlife Diseases FY2015 CWD TSE PRION
Detections in Farmed Cervids and Wild
Friday, February 05, 2016
TEXAS NEW CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE CWD CASE DISCOVERD AT CAPTIVE DEER
RELEASE SITE
TSS
posted by Terry S. Singeltary Sr. at
12:37 PM
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