Chronic Wasting Disease Ecology and Epidemiology of Mule Deer and White-tailed Deer in Wyoming
Chronic Wasting Disease Ecology and Epidemiology of Mule Deer and
White-tailed Deer in Wyoming
Dr. Brant Schumaker of the University of Wyoming reported that the effects
of high chronic wasting disease (CWD) prevalence in free-ranging deer
populations are unknown. In south-central Wyoming, CWD prevalence exceeds 50% in
hunter harvested deer. We hypothesized that 1) vital rates are depressed by CWD
and the finite rate of population growth (λ) is subsequently lowered, 2) CWD
alters normal deer behavior during preclinical and clinical disease, and 3)
genetic differences associated with CWD incubation periods drives natural
selection to favor less susceptible deer. To test these hypotheses, we
radio-collared white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and mule deer
(Odocoileus hemionus) and monitored them to determine a) survival probability,
pregnancy rates, and annual recruitment, b) cause of death, c) home range area
and habitat use, d) migration patterns, e) dispersal behavior, and f) genetic
variation in incubation period based on CWD-status. Deer were tested for CWD
using tonsil tissue collected by biopsy at capture and immunohistochemistry.
White-tailed deer positive for CWD were 4.5 times more likely to die annually
compared to CWD-negative deer. High CWD prevalence depressed survival of young
females and resulted in an unsustainable white-tailed deer population (λ <
1.0); however, when female harvest was eliminated, the population became stable
(λ =1.0). Female CWD-positive white-tailed deer maintain locally high CWD
incidence as they migrated less and occupied smaller home ranges compared to
other deer. Male CWD-positive white-tailed deer migrated at the highest
proportion and likely contributed to spread of CWD to disparate populations. In
the last nine years, mule deer genetically associated with prolonged incubation
periods to CWD have increased in frequency in the population. However, it is
still unknown whether or not this change will counteract the negative impacts of
CWD on the population. The white-tailed deer population is adversely affected by
high CWD prevalence; however, implementing management techniques to increase
annual survival of females may maintain deer populations. The impact of CWD on
mule deer populations is currently unknown; however, the present study is in its
final stages with results to be completed in the near future. ...
Chronic Wasting Disease closes in on Yellowstone
By Ralph Maughan On May 17, 2013
Friday, November 16, 2012
Yellowstone elk herds feeding grounds, or future killing grounds from CWD
Saturday, May 25, 2013
Wyoming Game and Fish Commission Alkali Creek Feedground #39126 Singeltary
comment submission
Dense concentrations of elk at feedgrounds facilitate the transmission of
diseases and increase their prevalence. Free-ranging elk herds have a CWD
prevalence of approximately 1-3% in the core Colorado-Wyoming area where the
disease is endemic. Captive elk herds, whose densities more closely match those
of feedground elk, have shown rates of CWD prevalence between 17- 59%. Many
states now ban the artificial feeding of deer because scientific evidence
suggests that such feeding elevates the risk of CWD transmission. High
concentrations of animals, close contact between animals, and the contaminated
environments that result from these conditions, all contribute to the increased
transmission of CWD and other diseases.
Wednesday, April 30, 2014
WYOMING Mule Deer Found Dead Near Rawlins Tests Positive for CWD
Wednesday, October 24, 2012
WYOMING Deer Hunt Area 132 Near Green River Added to CWD List
Wednesday, November 16, 2011
Chronic wasting disease found in Big Horn basin deer Wyoming's deer hunt
area 165
Monday, November 14, 2011
WYOMING Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease, CWD, TSE, PRION REPORTING 2011
Thursday, July 08, 2010
CWD Controversy still stalking elk feedgrounds in Wyoming 2010
Greetings,
This is very serious, please notice that one of the CWD clusters is only 45
miles from ELK feeding grounds in Wyoming, the second elk feeding ground is 98
miles from CWD cluster, and the third elk feeding ground is 130 miles from the
CWD cluster. Common sense tells us we need to stop those feeding grounds, if you
want your Elk to survive. There is no politics or plot against the hunters or
elk about it. read the science please. ...TSS
chronic wasting disease proximity to elk feedgrounds in wyoming 2009-2010
Thursday, December 30, 2010
WYOMING MULE DEER BUCK HARVESTED NEAR LYSITE TESTS POSITIVE FOR CWD
December 27, 2010
Monday, December 13, 2010
WYOMING DEER AREA 119 ADDED TO CWD LIST DEER AREA 119 ADDED TO CWD
LIST
11/22/2010
Friday, November 12, 2010
WHITE-TAILED BUCK HARVESTED NEAR MOORCROFT TESTS POSITIVE FOR CWD
WYOMING
Sunday, October 31, 2010
TWO DEER HARVESTED NEAR GREYBULL TEST POSITIVE FOR CWD WYOMING
Wednesday, October 20, 2010
WYOMING ELK NEAR GLENDO TESTS POSITIVE FOR CWD 10/18/2010
Wednesday, November 25, 2009
CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE FOUND IN ELK AREA 35 NEAR BUFFALO
Wednesday, November 11, 2009
CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE DISCOVERED IN DEER HUNT AREA 42 WYOMING
Sunday, November 01, 2009
CWD confirmed in Johnson County Wyoming Sunday, November 1, 2009
Wednesday, October 14, 2009
Deer on western Bighorns has chronic wasting disease Shell Creek drainage
Wyoming
Monday, December 22, 2008
CWD DETECTED IN ELK HUNT AREA 117 SOUTH OF SUNDANCE WYOMING
Saturday, October 18, 2008
WYOMING STAR VALLEY MOOSE TESTS POSITIVE FOR CWD
Monday, June 23, 2014
*** PRION 2014 CONFERENCE CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE CWD
Monday, June 23, 2014
*** PRION 2014 CONFERENCE TYPICAL AND ATYPICAL BSE AND CJD REPORT UPDATES
Sunday, June 22, 2014
Governor Nixon Missouri Urged to VETO Legislation turning over captive
shooting pens to USDA
snip...
PLEASE WATCH THIS VIDEO OF A CAPTIVE SHOOTING PEN HUNT.
THIS IS NOT HUNTING FOLKS, THIS IS JUST SLAUGHTERING A DEFENSELESS ANIMAL,
AND HAVING TO PROP IT UP TO DO THAT $$$
Michigan 2005 237 captive shooting pens not in compliance
March 2005 DNR Audit
37 % or 237 captive pens not in compliance.
96% that died were not tested for CWD, as was required.
700 captive pens had inadequate fencing.
tranquilizing target deer...
Measuring antlers to verify scores for record book.
Scooping up with front in loading tractor, and dumping into small 3 to 5
acre pen to be shot for up to $20,000.00
how did the fix the problem, turned the DNR over to the USDA et al, problem
solved...
‘’The rich...who are content to buy what they have not the skill to get by
their own exertions, these are the real enemies of game’’
Theodore Roosevelt’s Principles of the Hunt
snip...see full text ;
Sunday, June 22, 2014
Governor Nixon Missouri Urged to VETO Legislation turning over captive
shooting pens to USDA
According to Wisconsin’s White-Tailed Deer Trustee Dr. James Kroll, people
who call for more public hunting opportunities are “pining for socialism.”
He further states, “(Public) Game management is the last bastion of
communism.”
“Game Management,” says James Kroll, driving to his high-fenced,
two-hundred-acre spread near Nacogdoches, “is the last bastion of communism.”
Kroll, also known as Dr. Deer, is the director of the Forestry Resources
Institute of Texas at Stephen F. Austin State University, and the “management”
he is referring to is the sort practiced by the State of Texas.
The 55-year-old Kroll is the leading light in the field of private deer
management as a means to add value to the land. His belief is so absolute that
some detractors refer to him as Dr. Dough, implying that his eye is on the
bottom line more than on the natural world.
Kroll, who has been the foremost proponent of deer ranching in Texas for
more than thirty years, doesn’t mind the controversy and certainly doesn’t fade
in the heat. People who call for more public lands are “cocktail
conservationists,” he says, who are really pining for socialism. He calls
national parks “wildlife ghettos” and flatly accuses the government of gross
mismanagement. He argues that his relatively tiny acreage, marked by eight-foot
fences and posted signs warning off would-be poachers, is a better model for
keeping what’s natural natural while making money off the land.
snip...
What does this all mean?
My initial reaction, which is one that I predicted when Kroll was named to
the state’s deer trustee position, is that his team’s final recommendations — if
implemented — will be heavily skewed toward the state’s larger landowners (500+
acres) and folks who own small parcels in areas comprised mostly of private
land. It is also my prediction that the final recommendations (again, if
implemented) will do little, if anything, to improve deer herds and deer hunting
on Wisconsin’s 5.7 million acres of public land. Where does this leave the
public-land hunter? “It will suck to be you,” said one deer manager who asked to
remain anonymous out of fear for his job. “The resources and efforts will go
toward improving the private land sector. This is all about turning deer hunting
away from the Public Land Doctrine and more toward a European-style of
management — like they have in Texas.”
Friday, June 01, 2012
*** TEXAS DEER CZAR TO WISCONSIN ASK TO EXPLAIN COMMENTS
Monday, February 11, 2013
TEXAS CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE CWD Four New Positives Found in Trans Pecos
spreading cwd around...tss
Between 1996 and 2002, chronic wasting disease was diagnosed in 39 herds of
farmed elk in Saskatchewan in a single epidemic. All of these herds were
depopulated as part of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency’s (CFIA) disease
eradication program. Animals, primarily over 12 mo of age, were tested for the
presence CWD prions following euthanasia. Twenty-one of the herds were linked
through movements of live animals with latent CWD from a single infected source
herd in Saskatchewan, 17 through movements of animals from 7 of the secondarily
infected herds.
***The source herd is believed to have become infected via importation of
animals from a game farm in South Dakota where CWD was subsequently diagnosed
(7,4). A wide range in herd prevalence of CWD at the time of herd depopulation
of these herds was observed. Within-herd transmission was observed on some
farms, while the disease remained confined to the introduced animals on other
farms.
spreading cwd around...tss
Friday, May 13, 2011
Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) outbreaks and surveillance program in the
Republic of Korea Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) outbreaks and surveillance
program in the Republic of Korea
Hyun-Joo Sohn, Yoon-Hee Lee, Min-jeong Kim, Eun-Im Yun, Hyo-Jin Kim,
Won-Yong Lee, Dong-Seob Tark, In- Soo Cho, Foreign Animal Disease Research
Division, National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, Republic of Korea
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) has been recognized as an important prion
disease in native North America deer and Rocky mountain elks. The disease is a
unique member of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), which
naturally affects only a few species. CWD had been limited to USA and Canada
until 2000.
On 28 December 2000, information from the Canadian government showed that a
total of 95 elk had been exported from farms with CWD to Korea. These consisted
of 23 elk in 1994 originating from the so-called “source farm” in Canada, and 72
elk in 1997, which had been held in pre export quarantine at the “source
farm”.Based on export information of CWD suspected elk from Canada to Korea, CWD
surveillance program was initiated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
(MAF) in 2001.
All elks imported in 1997 were traced back, however elks imported in 1994
were impossible to identify. CWD control measures included stamping out of all
animals in the affected farm, and thorough cleaning and disinfection of the
premises. In addition, nationwide clinical surveillance of Korean native
cervids, and improved measures to ensure reporting of CWD suspect cases were
implemented.
Total of 9 elks were found to be affected. CWD was designated as a
notifiable disease under the Act for Prevention of Livestock Epidemics in 2002.
Additional CWD cases - 12 elks and 2 elks - were diagnosed in 2004 and
2005.
Since February of 2005, when slaughtered elks were found to be positive,
all slaughtered cervid for human consumption at abattoirs were designated as
target of the CWD surveillance program. Currently, CWD laboratory testing is
only conducted by National Reference Laboratory on CWD, which is the Foreign
Animal Disease Division (FADD) of National Veterinary Research and Quarantine
Service (NVRQS).
In July 2010, one out of 3 elks from Farm 1 which were slaughtered for the
human consumption was confirmed as positive. Consequently, all cervid – 54 elks,
41 Sika deer and 5 Albino deer – were culled and one elk was found to be
positive. Epidemiological investigations were conducted by Veterinary
Epidemiology Division (VED) of NVRQS in collaboration with provincial veterinary
services.
Epidemiologically related farms were found as 3 farms and all cervid at
these farms were culled and subjected to CWD diagnosis. Three elks and 5
crossbreeds (Red deer and Sika deer) were confirmed as positive at farm 2.
All cervids at Farm 3 and Farm 4 – 15 elks and 47 elks – were culled and
confirmed as negative.
Further epidemiological investigations showed that these CWD outbreaks were
linked to the importation of elks from Canada in 1994 based on circumstantial
evidences.
In December 2010, one elk was confirmed as positive at Farm 5.
Consequently, all cervid – 3 elks, 11 Manchurian Sika deer and 20 Sika deer –
were culled and one Manchurian Sika deer and seven Sika deer were found to be
positive. This is the first report of CWD in these sub-species of deer.
Epidemiological investigations found that the owner of the Farm 2 in CWD
outbreaks in July 2010 had co-owned the Farm 5.
In addition, it was newly revealed that one positive elk was introduced
from Farm 6 of Jinju-si Gyeongsang Namdo. All cervid – 19 elks, 15 crossbreed
(species unknown) and 64 Sika deer – of Farm 6 were culled, but all confirmed as
negative.
: Corresponding author: Dr. Hyun-Joo Sohn (+82-31-467-1867, E-mail:
shonhj@korea.kr) 2011 Pre-congress Workshop: TSEs in animals and their
environment 5
Friday, May 13, 2011
Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) outbreaks and surveillance program in the
Republic of Korea
how many states have $465,000., and can quarantine and purchase there from,
each cwd said infected farm, but how many states can afford this for all the cwd
infected cervid game ranch type farms ???
Tuesday, December 20, 2011
CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE CWD WISCONSIN Almond Deer (Buckhorn Flats) Farm
Update DECEMBER 2011
*** The CWD infection rate was nearly 80%, the highest ever in a North
American captive herd.
*** RECOMMENDATION: That the Board approve the purchase of 80 acres of land
for $465,000 for the Statewide Wildlife Habitat Program in Portage County and
approve the restrictions on public use of the site.
SUMMARY:
Friday, May 30, 2014
Wisconsin Waushara County hunting preserve ordered to pay civil forfeiture
in CWD case
Friday, April 04, 2014
Wisconsin State officials kept silent on CWD discovery at game farm
Tuesday, February 11, 2014
*** Wisconsin tracks 81 deer from game farm with CWD buck to seven other
states
Friday, May 30, 2014
Wisconsin Waushara County hunting preserve ordered to pay civil forfeiture
in CWD case
TSS
posted by Terry S. Singeltary Sr. at
10:22 AM
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