Alabama Detects 2 More Cases of CWD, Total To Date 5 Confirmed
Alabama Detects 2 More Cases of CWD, Total To Date 5 Confirmed
*** Alabama CWD TSE Prion 2023
(2020, Alabama, to date, has detected NO cases of CWD TSE Prion...tss)
*** Alabama CWD TSE Prion 2023 TO DATE 5 CASES CONFIRMED
Alabama Two Additional Cases of CWD Confirmed in Northern Lauderdale County
Press release December 15, 2023 Contact: Marianne Gauldin, (334) 242-3469
Alabama Two Additional Cases of CWD Confirmed in Northern Lauderdale County
Two Additional Cases of CWD Confirmed in Northern Lauderdale County The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (ADCNR) announces that two additional cases of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in hunter harvested, white-tailed deer have been confirmed in northern Lauderdale County in northwest Alabama. The two additional deer bring Alabama’s total number of confirmed CWD cases to five.
CWD in Alabama’s deer herd was first detected in Lauderdale County in January 2022. After the first case was confirmed, all of Lauderdale and Colbert counties were designated as a CWD Management Zone (CMZ).
So far during the 2023-2024 hunting season, samples have been collected from more than 1,700 white-tailed deer harvested statewide with 420 of those samples collected within the CMZ. One of the positive samples was submitted during the second CMZ mandatory sampling weekend (December 2-3). The other positive sample was voluntarily submitted at a drop-off sampling location by a hunter as part of ADCNR's ongoing CWD monitoring efforts. The next mandatory sampling weekend in the buffer zone of the CMZ is January 6-7, 2024.
“I would like to thank hunters for their continued support by providing a robust number of samples for CWD testing since the disease was first detected in Alabama,” said Chris Blankenship, ADCNR Commissioner. “Hunters are our most important partners in the management of CWD as we move forward with future deer seasons. We also thank the Alabama Department of Agriculture and Industries for their continued partnership with statewide CWD monitoring. Their assistance by testing the samples allows us to better serve our constituents by providing them with timely information on the distribution and extent of CWD in Alabama.”
CWD is a member of the group of diseases called transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). Among cervids, CWD is a progressive, fatal disease that commonly results in altered behavior due to microscopic changes of the brain of affected animals. An animal may carry the disease for years without outward indication. In latter stages of the disease, signs may include listlessness, lowering of the head, weight loss, repetitive walking in set patterns and a lack of responsiveness.
It is important that hunters be familiar with Alabama’s CWD regulation and the CWD regulations in other states. To review Alabama’s regulation and the latest information about CWD in the state, visit www.outdooralabama.com/cwd-info.
ADCNR promotes wise stewardship, management and enjoyment of Alabama’s natural resources through four divisions: Marine Resources, State Lands, State Parks, and Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries. Learn more at www.outdooralabama.com.
###
CMZ map attached (includes locations of positive cases)
CMZ zone map 12-15-23.jpg
Posted: February 16, 2023
Third Case of CWD Confirmed in Lauderdale County
The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (ADCNR) announces that a third case of Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) in a hunter harvested, white-tailed deer has been confirmed in Lauderdale County in northwest, Alabama. The first two cases of CWD in Alabama’s deer herd were detected in Lauderdale County in early 2022.
Samples were collected from more than 3,500 white-tailed deer harvested statewide with over 1,100 of those samples collected within the CMZ during the 2022-2023 hunting season. More than 98% of all samples collected within the CMZ have been tested by the Alabama Department of Agriculture and Industries and the results have been received by ADCNR. Currently, only one positive has been detected this season. The positive sample was voluntarily submitted by a hunter as part of ADCNR's ongoing CWD monitoring efforts.
FRIDAY, DECEMBER 15, 2023
Alabama Detects 2 More Cases of CWD, Total To Date 5 Confirmed
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 17, 2023
Alabama Third Case of CWD Confirmed in Lauderdale County
TUESDAY, MARCH 08, 2022
Alabama Second Case of CWD Confirmed in Northwest
FRIDAY, JANUARY 07, 2022
ALABAMA DETECTS FIRST CASE CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE CWD TSE PRION Lauderdale County
Alabama Division of Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries
CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE STRATEGIC SURVEILLANCE AND RESPONSE PLAN (SSRP) April 2020
CWD would be detrimental to the health of the white-tailed deer herd in Alabama and there is no effective treatment to eradicate the disease once it is established. As a result, the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries Division has developed a CWD Strategic Surveillance and Response Plan (SSRP) to monitor for CWD and minimize risk of disease spread for white-tailed deer within Alabama.
Farmed Cervid
Scrapie
FRIDAY, JANUARY 18, 2019
Alabama WFF Ramps Up Chronic Wasting Disease CWD TSE Prion Sampling Effort
THURSDAY, JULY 20, 2017
Alabama Atypical BSE CJD CWD TSE Prion Update
TUESDAY, MARCH 29, 2016
ALABAMA CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE CWD TSE PRION SURVEILLANCE AND TESTING PROGRAM?
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 01, 2012
ALABAMA BIG BUCK PROJECT, A CWD TSE PRION ACCIDENT WAITING TO HAPPEN ALABAMA BIG BUCK PROJECT, A CWD ACCIDENT WAITING TO HAPPEN
ALABAMA MAD COW FEED IN COMMERCE
e) "Big Jim's" BBB Deer Ration, Big Buck Blend, Recall # V-104-6;
Product manufactured from 02/01/2005 until 06/06/2006
RECALLING FIRM/MANUFACTURER Alabama Farmers Cooperative, Inc., Decatur, AL, by telephone, fax, email and visit on June 9, 2006. FDA initiated recall is complete.
REASON Animal and fish feeds which were possibly contaminated with ruminant based protein not labeled as
"Do not feed to ruminants".
VOLUME OF PRODUCT IN COMMERCE 125 tons
DISTRIBUTION AL and FL
END OF ENFORCEMENT REPORT FOR AUGUST 2, 2006
CWD TRANSMITS BY ORAL ROUTES TO MACAQUES, CATTLE, SHEEP, PIGS, AND CERVID...BSE Feed Regulation (21 CFR 589.2000) mad cow feed ban does not stop all that!
CWD transmits to cervid by oral routes with as little as 300NG!
PLoS One. 2020; 15(8): e0237410.
Published online 2020 Aug 20. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237410
PMCID: PMC7446902
PMID: 32817706
Very low oral exposure to prions of brain or saliva origin can transmit chronic wasting disease
We orally inoculated white-tailed deer with either single or multiple divided doses of prions of brain or saliva origin and monitored infection by serial longitudinal tissue biopsies spanning over two years. We report that oral exposure to as little as 300 nanograms (ng) of CWD-positive brain or to saliva containing seeding activity equivalent to 300 ng of CWD-positive brain, were sufficient to transmit CWD disease.
snip...
These studies suggest that the CWD minimum infectious dose approximates 100 to 300 ng CWD-positive brain (or saliva equivalent), and that CWD infection appears to conform more with a threshold than a cumulative dose dynamic.
FRIDAY, JULY 07, 2023
TME, 589.2000 (21 C.F.R. 589.2000), atypical L-BSE, who’s testing MINK for TSE?
CWD BY STATE 2023
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 2023
EFSA TSE Report 2022 First published 28 November 2023
The European Union summary report on surveillance for the presence of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) in 2022
PLEASE NOTE, USDA ET AL ONLY TESTING <25k CATTLE FOR MAD COW DISEASE, woefully inadequate, yet USDA just documented a case Atypical L-Type BSE, the most virulent strain to date...
Monday, May 22, 2023
BSE TSE Prion MAD COW TESTING IN THE USA COMPARED TO OTHER COUNTRIES?
Wednesday, May 24, 2023
WAHIS, WOAH, OIE, United States of America Bovine spongiform encephalopathy Immediate notification
SATURDAY, MAY 20, 2023
Tennessee State Veterinarian Alerts Cattle Owners to Disease Detection Mad Cow atypical L-Type BSE
APPRX. 2 weeks before the recent mad cow case was confirmed in the USA, in Tennessee, atypical L-Type BSE, I submitted this to the APHIS et al;
Document APHIS-2023-0027-0001 BSE Singeltary Comment Submission May 2, 2023
''said 'burden' cost, will be a heavy burden to bear, if we fail with Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE TSE Prion disease, that is why this information collection is so critical''...
FRIDAY, JANUARY 20, 2023
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SCRAPIE IN THE UNITED STATES
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 2022
USA National Scrapie Eradication Program (NSEP) 2021 to 2003 A Year by Year Review
WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 03, 2021
Scrapie TSE Prion United States of America a Review February 2021 Singeltary et al
Experimental transmission of the chronic wasting disease agent to swine after oral or intracranial inoculation
Running Title: The chronic wasting disease agent transmits to swine
S. Jo Moore1,2 , M. Heather West Greenlee3 , Naveen Kondru3 , Sireesha Manne3 , Jodi D. Smith1,# , Robert A. Kunkle1 , Anumantha Kanthasamy3 , Justin J. Greenlee1*
Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
Current Address: Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, Iowa, United States of America * Corresponding author Email: justin.greenlee@ars.usda.gov
JVI Accepted Manuscript Posted Online 12 July 2017 J. Virol. doi:10.1128/JVI.00926-17
This is a work of the U.S. Government and is not subject to copyright protection in the United States. Foreign copyrights may apply.
on July 27, 2017 by guest http://jvi.asm.org/ Downloaded from
Abstract
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a naturally occurring, fatal neurodegenerative disease of cervids. The potential for swine to serve as a host for the agent of chronic wasting disease is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the susceptibility of swine to the CWD agent following experimental oral or intracranial inoculation . Crossbred piglets were assigned to one of three groups: intracranially inoculated (n=20), orally inoculated (n=19), or non -inoculated (n=9). At approximately the age at which commercial pigs reach market weight, half of the pigs in each group were culled (‘market weight’ groups). The remaining pigs (‘aged’ groups) were allowed to incubate for up to 73 months post inoculation (MPI ). Tissues collected at necropsy were examined for disease -associated prion protein (PrPSc) by western blotting (WB), antigen -capture immunoassay (EIA), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in vitro real -time quaking induced conversion (RT -QuIC). Brain samples from selected pigs were also bioassayed in mice expressing porcine prion protein. Four intracranially inoculated aged pigs and one orally inoculated aged pig were positive by EIA, IHC and/or WB. Using RT -QuIC, PrPSc was detected in lymphoid and/or brain tissue from one or more pigs in each inoculated group. Bioassay was positive in 4 out of 5 pigs assayed.
This study demonstrates that pigs can support low-level amplification of CWD prions, although the species barrier to CWD infection is relatively high. However, detection of infectivity in orally inoculated pigs using mouse bioassay raises the possibility that naturally exposed pigs could act as a reservoir of CWD infectivity.
Discussion
snip...
In the case of feral pigs, exposure to the agent of CWD through scavenging of CWD-affected cervid carcasses or through consumption of prion contaminated plants or soil could allow feral pigs to serve as reservoirs of CWD infectivity. The range and numbers of feral pigs is predicted to continue to increase due to the ability of pigs to adapt to many climates, reproduce year-round, and survive on a varied diet (55 ). The range of CWD-affected cervids also continues to spread, increasing the likelihood of overlap of ranges of feral pigs and CWD -affected environments.
We demonstrate here that PrPSc accumulates in lymphoid tissues from pigs inoculated intracranially or orally with the CWD agent, and can be detected as early as 6 months after inoculation. Clinical disease suggestive of prion disease developed only in a single pig after a long (64 months) incubation period. This raises the possibility that CWD-infected pigs could shed prions into their environment long before they develop clinical disease. However, the low amounts of PrPSc detected in the study pigs combined with the low attack rates in Tg002 mice suggest that there is a relatively strong species barrier to CWD prions in pigs.
cwd scrapie pigs oral routes
***> However, at 51 months of incubation or greater, 5 animals were positive by one or more diagnostic methods. Furthermore, positive bioassay results were obtained from all inoculated groups (oral and intracranial; market weight and end of study) suggesting that swine are potential hosts for the agent of scrapie. <***
>*** Although the current U.S. feed ban is based on keeping tissues from TSE infected cattle from contaminating animal feed, swine rations in the U.S. could contain animal derived components including materials from scrapie infected sheep and goats. These results indicating the susceptibility of pigs to sheep scrapie, coupled with the limitations of the current feed ban, indicates that a revision of the feed ban may be necessary to protect swine production and potentially human health. <***
***> Results: PrPSc was not detected by EIA and IHC in any RPLNs. All tonsils and MLNs were negative by IHC, though the MLN from one pig in the oral <6 month group was positive by EIA. PrPSc was detected by QuIC in at least one of the lymphoid tissues examined in 5/6 pigs in the intracranial <6 months group, 6/7 intracranial >6 months group, 5/6 pigs in the oral <6 months group, and 4/6 oral >6 months group. Overall, the MLN was positive in 14/19 (74%) of samples examined, the RPLN in 8/18 (44%), and the tonsil in 10/25 (40%).
***> Conclusions: This study demonstrates that PrPSc accumulates in lymphoid tissues from pigs challenged intracranially or orally with the CWD agent, and can be detected as early as 4 months after challenge. CWD-infected pigs rarely develop clinical disease and if they do, they do so after a long incubation period. This raises the possibility that CWD-infected pigs could shed prions into their environment long before they develop clinical disease. Furthermore, lymphoid tissues from CWD-infected pigs could present a potential source of CWD infectivity in the animal and human food chains.
Conclusions: This study demonstrates that PrPSc accumulates in lymphoid tissues from pigs challenged intracranially or orally with the CWD agent, and can be detected as early as 4 months after challenge. CWD-infected pigs rarely develop clinical disease and if they do, they do so after a long incubation period. This raises the possibility that CWD-infected pigs could shed prions into their environment long before they develop clinical disease. Furthermore, lymphoid tissues from CWD-infected pigs could present a potential source of CWD infectivity in the animal and human food chains.
CONFIDENTIAL
EXPERIMENTAL PORCINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY
LINE TO TAKE
3. If questions on pharmaceuticals are raised at the Press conference, the suggested line to take is as follows:-
"There are no medicinal products licensed for use on the market which make use of UK-derived porcine tissues with which any hypothetical “high risk" ‘might be associated. The results of the recent experimental work at the CSM will be carefully examined by the CSM‘s Working Group on spongiform encephalopathy at its next meeting.
DO Hagger RM 1533 MT Ext 3201
While this clearly is a cause for concern we should not jump to the conclusion that this means that pigs will necessarily be infected by bone and meat meal fed by the oral route as is the case with cattle. ...
we cannot rule out the possibility that unrecognised subclinical spongiform encephalopathy could be present in British pigs though there is no evidence for this: only with parenteral/implantable pharmaceuticals/devices is the theoretical risk to humans of sufficient concern to consider any action.
May I, at the outset, reiterate that we should avoid dissemination of papers relating to this experimental finding to prevent premature release of the information. ...
3. It is particularly important that this information is not passed outside the Department, until Ministers have decided how they wish it to be handled. ...
But it would be easier for us if pharmaceuticals/devices are not directly mentioned at all. ...
Our records show that while some use is made of porcine materials in medicinal products, the only products which would appear to be in a hypothetically ''higher risk'' area are the adrenocorticotrophic hormone for which the source material comes from outside the United Kingdom, namely America China Sweden France and Germany. The products are manufactured by Ferring and Armour. A further product, ''Zenoderm Corium implant'' manufactured by Ethicon, makes use of porcine skin - which is not considered to be a ''high risk'' tissue, but one of its uses is described in the data sheet as ''in dural replacement''. This product is sourced from the United Kingdom.....
BSE--U.S. 50 STATE CONFERENCE CALL Jan. 9, 2001
Date: Tue, 9 Jan 2001 16:49:00 -0800
From: "Terry S. Singeltary Sr."
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
To: BSE-L@uni-karlsruhe.de
TUESDAY, DECEMBER 12, 2023
CREUTZFELDT JAKOB DISEASE TSE PRION DISEASE UPDATE USA DECEMBER 2023
SATURDAY, JULY 22, 2023
Alzheimer's Disease Update
Terry S. Singeltary Sr., Bacliff, Texas, USA, 77518, flounder9@verizon.net
posted by Terry S. Singeltary Sr. at
3:13 PM
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