Steve Lightfoot: West Texas Mule Deer rules
Steve Lightfoot, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, guest columnist
San Angelo Standard Times
Posted October 23, 2013 at 2:35 p.m.
Rick Meritt harvested this Mule deer in West Texas last year. Photo used
with permission, Steve Alderman and Rick Meritt. www.muledeercountry.com. See
the original posting at
http://muledeercountry.com/forum/desert-mule-deer/texas/.
muledeercountry.com
Rick Meritt harvested this Mule deer in West Texas last year. Photo used
with permission, Steve Alderman and Rick Meritt. www.muledeercountry.com. See
the original posting at http://muledeercountry.com/forum/desert-mule-deer/texas/.
Wildlife officials are reminding mule deer hunters and landowners in far
West Texas about the protocols developed as part of Texas Parks and Wildlife
Department’s (TPWD) Chronic Wasting Disease management plan. The plan includes
mandatory check stations for harvested mule deer taken inside the CWD
Containment Zone, which covers portions of Hudspeth, Culberson, and El Paso
counties. See map of CWD zones at http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us/cwd.
The management plan was implemented after CWD was detected in tissue
samples from two mule deer in far West Texas during the summer of 2012. Those
were the first cases of CWD detected in Texas deer.
Nearly 300 tissue samples were collected from hunter harvested mule deer
from the Trans Pecos ecoregion during the 2012-13 season for CWD testing. Texas
A&M Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory and National Veterinary
Services Laboratories (NVSL) confirmed CWD in four of those samples. All
CWD-positive deer were harvested within the CWD Containment Zone.
Of 298 deer sampled during last hunting season, 107 were harvested in the
Containment Zone, 93 were harvested in the adjacent High Risk Zone, 25 were
harvested in the Buffer Zone, and 73 deer were harvested outside of the CWD
zones. Nineteen of the samples collected from the Containment Zone were from
deer harvested in the Hueco Mountains.
Hunters taking mule deer inside the Containment Zone during the 2013
general mule deer hunting season, Nov. 22 – Dec. 8, are required to submit their
harvest (unfrozen head) for CWD sampling at mandatory check stations within 24
hours of harvest.
“We recommend hunters in the Containment Zone and High Risk Zone quarter
deer in the field and leave all but the quarters, backstraps, and head at the
site of harvest if it is not possible to bury the inedible carcass parts at
least 6 feet deep on the ranch or take them to a landfill,” said Shawn Gray,
Mule Deer Program Leader for TPWD.
Mandatory check stations will be open from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. Nov. 22 – Dec.
9. Stations will be located in Cornudas at May’s Café (on US 62-180) and in Van
Horn at Van Horn Convention Center (1801 West Broadway).
Hunters who harvest deer in the Containment Zone outside the general season
under the authority of MLDP (Managed Lands Deer Permits) will need to call TPWD
at (512) 221-8491 the day the deer is harvested to make arrangements to have the
deer sampled for CWD.
In addition to protocols within the Containment Zone, TPWD has established
check stations for voluntary CWD sampling for deer harvested in other parts of
West Texas. Biologists have been collecting mule deer harvest data in the region
since 1980 and this year CWD sampling will be offered in addition to age and
weight measurements.
Voluntary check stations will be established at the following locations
during the first three weekends of the general season, Saturday through Monday
(Nov. 23–25, Nov. 30–Dec. 2 and Dec. 6–8), from 9 a.m. – 5 p.m. Saturday and
Sunday and 9 a.m. – 1 p.m. Monday:
Midland at Naturally Fresh (Deer Processor) (1501 Elwyn)
Bakersfield at Chevron Station (south of I10; Exit 294)
Sanderson at Slim’s Auto Repair (823 West Oak; Intersection of US 90 and
285)
Alpine at Hip-O Taxidermy (east side of town on US 90, across from Dairy
Queen)
All deer brought to the check stations this season will be aged as part of
our CWD surveillance. Additional biological information such as antler
measurements and field dressed weights will also be collected as time
allows.
TPWD has tested almost 30,000 wild hunter-harvested and road-killed deer in
Texas since 2002. The captive-deer industry in Texas has submitted more than
7,400 CWD test results as well.
“CWD has not been detected anywhere outside of the Hueco Mountains,” said
Mitch Lockwood, Big Game Program Director with TPWD. “But adequate surveillance
in that part of West Texas depends on check stations and we appreciate the
cooperation and active participation of hunters and landowners in this area.
Saturday, October 19, 2013
ACA Council Meets to Endorse Several Proposed USAHA Resolutions (CWD TSE
PRION DISEASE)
Thursday, October 03, 2013
TAHC ADOPTS CWD RULE THAT the amendments _REMOVE_ the requirement for a
specific fence height for captives
Texas Animal Health Commission (TAHC)
ANNOUNCEMENT
October 3, 2013
Thursday, July 04, 2013
New TAHC Movement Requirements for Species Susceptible to Chronic Wasting
Disease (CWD)
Date: Sun, 25 Aug 2002 19:45:14 –0500
TEXAS OLD STATISTICS BELOW FOR PAST CWD TESTING;
Subject: CWD testing in Texas
Date: Sun, 25 Aug 2002 19:45:14 –0500
From: Kenneth Waldrup
To: flounder@wt.net
CC: mcoats@tahc.state.tx.us
Dear Dr. Singletary,
In Fiscal Year 2001, seven deer from Texas were tested by the National
Veterinary Services Laboratory (NVSL) for CWD (5 fallow deer and 2 white-tailed
deer). In Fiscal Year 2002, seven elk from Texas were tested at NVSL (no deer).
During these two years, an additional six elk and one white-tailed deer were
tested at the Texas Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory (TVMDL). In Fiscal
Year 2002, four white-tailed deer (free-ranging clinical suspects) and at least
eight other white-tailed deer have been tested at TVMDL. One elk has been tested
at NVSL. All of these animals have been found negative for CWD. Dr. Jerry Cooke
of the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department also has records of 601 clinically
ill white-tailed deer which were necropsied at Texas A&M during the late
1960's and early 1970's, and no spongiform encepalopathies were noted.
Thank you for your consideration.
Ken Waldrup, DVM, PhD Texas Animal Health Commission
========================
TEXAS CWD STATUS
Captive Cervids
There have been no reported CWD infections of captive elk or deer in Texas.
There is currently no mandatory surveillance program for susceptible cervids
kept on game farms, although, there has been voluntary surveillance since 1999,
which requires owners of participating herds to maintain an annual herd
inventory and submit samples for all mortalities of animals over 16 months of
age.
snip...
SO, i thought i would just see where these Ecoregions were, and just how
the CWD testing was distributed. YOU would think that with the cluster of CWD
bordering TEXAS at the WPMR in NM, you would have thought this would be where
the major CWD testing samples were to have been taken? wrong! let's have a look
at the sample testing. here is map of CWD in NM WPMR bordering TEXAS;
NEW MEXICO 7 POSITIVE CWD WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE MAP
NEXT, let's have a look at the overall distribution of CWD in Free-Ranging
Cervids and see where the CWD cluster in NM WSMR borders TEXAS;
Current Distribution of Chronic Wasting Disease in Free-Ranging Cervids
NOW, the MAP of the Exoregion where the samples were taken to test for
CWD;
CWD SURVEILLANCE SAMPLE SUBMISSIONS TEXAS
Ecoregions of TEXAS
IF you look at the area around the NM WSMR where the CWD cluster was and
where it borders TEXAS, that ecoregion is called ***Trans Pecos region. Seems if my
Geography and my Ciphering is correct ;-) that region only tested 55% of it's
goal. THE most important area on the MAP and they only test some 96 samples,
this in an area that has found some 7 positive animals? NOW if we look at the
only other border where these deer from NM could cross the border into TEXAS,
this area is called the High Plains ecoregion, and again, we find that the
sampling for CWD was pathetic. HERE we find that only 9% of it's goal of CWD
sampling was met, only 16 samples were tested from some 175 that were suppose to
be sampled.
AS i said before;
> SADLY, they have not tested enough from the total population to
> know if CWD is in Texas or not.
BUT now, I will go one step further and state categorically that they are
not trying to find it. just the opposite it seems, they are waiting for CWD to
find them, as with BSE/TSE in cattle, and it will eventually...
snip...see full text ;
snip...
Monday, February 11, 2013
TEXAS CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE CWD Four New Positives Found in Trans
Pecos
Tuesday, July 10, 2012
Chronic Wasting Disease Detected in Far West Texas
Monday, March 26, 2012
Texas Prepares for Chronic Wasting Disease CWD Possibility in Far West
Texas
Monday, March 26, 2012
3 CASES OF CWD FOUND NEW MEXICO MULE DEER SEVERAL MILS FROM TEXAS
BORDER
Wednesday, August 21, 2013
IOWA DNR EMERGENCY CONSENT ORDER IN THE MATTER OF TOM & LINDA BRAKKE
D/B/A PINE RIDGE HUNTING LODGE UPDATE AUGUST 21, 2013
Wednesday, September 04, 2013
***cwd - cervid captive livestock escapes, loose and on the run in the
wild...
Sunday, January 06, 2013
USDA TO PGC ONCE CAPTIVES ESCAPE
*** "it‘s no longer its business.”
Saturday, June 29, 2013
PENNSYLVANIA CAPTIVE CWD INDEX HERD MATE YELLOW *47 STILL RUNNING LOOSE IN
INDIANA, YELLOW NUMBER 2 STILL MISSING, AND OTHERS ON THE RUN STILL IN LOUISIANA
Monday, June 24, 2013
The Effects of Chronic Wasting Disease on the Pennsylvania Cervid Industry
Following its Discovery
Tuesday, June 11, 2013
CWD GONE WILD, More cervid escapees from more shooting pens on the loose in
Pennsylvania
Tuesday, May 28, 2013
Chronic Wasting Disease CWD quarantine Louisiana via CWD index herd
Pennsylvania Update May 28, 2013
6 doe from Pennsylvania CWD index herd still on the loose in Louisiana,
quarantine began on October 18, 2012, still ongoing, Lake Charles premises.
Thursday, August 08, 2013
Characterization of the first case of naturally occurring chronic wasting
disease in a captive red deer (Cervus elaphus) in North America
Thursday, July 11, 2013
The New Hornographers: The Fight Over the Future of Texas Deer, Captive
shooting pens, and the CWD TSE prion disease
Friday, August 09, 2013
CWD TSE prion, plants, vegetables, and the potential for environmental
contamination
Friday, September 27, 2013
***Uptake of Prions into Plants
Presentation Abstract
Tuesday, September 17, 2013
Mother to Offspring Transmission of Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy
TSE prion disease
Sunday, September 01, 2013
hunting over gut piles and CWD TSE prion disease
Thursday, May 31, 2012
CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE CWD PRION2012 Aerosol, Inhalation transmission,
Scrapie, cats, species barrier, burial, and more
Monday, August 8, 2011
Susceptibility of Domestic Cats to CWD Infection
Friday, November 09, 2012
*** Chronic Wasting Disease CWD in cervidae and transmission to other
species
Sunday, November 11, 2012
*** Susceptibilities of Nonhuman Primates to Chronic Wasting Disease
November 2012
Friday, December 14, 2012
Susceptibility Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) in wild cervids to Humans 2005
- December 14, 2012
Sunday, August 25, 2013
Prion2013 Chronic Wasting Disease CWD risk factors, humans, domestic cats,
blood, and mother to offspring transmission
NOW, let’s take a look at what the science is saying on the risk factors of
human TSE prion disease from CWD prion disease of cervids.
first, from the cdc/nih et al prion gods, and what they said on human cwd
potential, and what that might look like ;
now, let’s see what the authors said about this casual link, personal
communications years ago. see where it is stated NO STRONG evidence. so, does
this mean there IS casual evidence ????
“Our conclusion stating that we found no strong evidence of CWD
transmission to humans”
From: TSS (216-119-163-189.ipset45.wt.net)
Subject: CWD aka MAD DEER/ELK TO HUMANS ???
Date: September 30, 2002 at 7:06 am PST
From: "Belay, Ermias"
To:
Cc: "Race, Richard (NIH)" ; ; "Belay, Ermias"
Sent: Monday, September 30, 2002 9:22 AM
Subject: RE: TO CDC AND NIH - PUB MED- 3 MORE DEATHS - CWD - YOUNG HUNTERS
Dear Sir/Madam,
In the Archives of Neurology you quoted (the abstract of which was attached
to your email), we did not say CWD in humans will present like variant
CJD.
That assumption would be wrong. I encourage you to read the whole article
and call me if you have questions or need more clarification (phone:
404-639-3091). Also, we do not claim that "no-one has ever been infected with
prion disease from eating venison." Our conclusion stating that we found no
strong evidence of CWD transmission to humans in the article you quoted or in
any other forum is limited to the patients we investigated.
Ermias Belay, M.D. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
-----Original Message-----
From:
Sent: Sunday, September 29, 2002 10:15 AM
To: rr26k@nih.gov; rrace@niaid.nih.gov; ebb8@CDC.GOV
Subject: TO CDC AND NIH - PUB MED- 3 MORE DEATHS - CWD - YOUNG HUNTERS
Sunday, November 10, 2002 6:26 PM ......snip........end..............TSS
Thursday, April 03, 2008
A prion disease of cervids: Chronic wasting disease
2008 1: Vet Res. 2008 Apr 3;39(4):41
A prion disease of cervids: Chronic wasting disease
Sigurdson CJ.
snip...
*** twenty-seven CJD patients who regularly consumed venison were reported
to the Surveillance Center***,
snip...
full text ;
Monday, February 09, 2009
Exotic Meats USA Announces Urgent Statewide Recall of Elk Tenderloin
Because It May Contain Meat Derived From An Elk Confirmed To Have CWD
snip...
Cross-sequence transmission of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease creates a
new prion strain
Date: August 25, 2007 at 12:42 pm PST
our results raise the possibility that CJD cases classified as VV1 may
include cases caused by iatrogenic transmission of sCJD-MM1 prions or food-borne
infection by type 1 prions from animals, e.g., chronic wasting disease prions in
cervid. In fact, two CJD-VV1 patients who hunted deer or consumed venison have
been reported (40, 41). The results of the present study emphasize the need for
traceback studies and careful re-examination of the biochemical properties of
sCJD-VV1 prions.
Wednesday, March 18, 2009
Noah's Ark Holding, LLC, Dawson, MN RECALL Elk products contain meat
derived from an elk confirmed to have CWD NV, CA, TX, CO, NY, UT, FL, OK RECALLS
AND FIELD CORRECTIONS: FOODS CLASS II
CWD TO HUMAN RISK FACTORS PRION2013
PRION2013 CONGRESSIONAL ABSTRACTS
HD.13: CWD infection in the spleen of humanized transgenic mice
Liuting Qing and Qingzhong Kong
Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland, OH USA
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a widespread prion disease in free-ranging
and captive cervid species in North America, and there is evidence suggesting
the existence of multiple CWD strains. The susceptibility of human CNS and
peripheral organs to the various CWD prion strains remains largely unclear.
Current literature suggests that the classical CWD strain is unlikely to infect
human brain, but the potential for peripheral infection by CWD in humans is
unknown. We detected protease-resistant PrpSc in the spleens of a few humanized
transgenic mice that were intracerebrally inoculated with natural CWD isolates,
but PrpSc was not detected in the brains of any of the CWD-inoculated mice. Our
ongoing bioassays in humanized Tg mice indicate that intracerebral challenge
with such PrpSc-positive humanized mouse spleen already led to prion disease in
most animals. ***These results indicate that the CWD prion may have the
potential to infect human peripheral lymphoid tissues.
=====
Oral.15: Molecular barriers to zoonotic prion transmission: Comparison of
the ability of sheep, cattle and deer prion disease isolates to convert normal
human prion protein to its pathological isoform in a cell-free system
Marcelo A.Barria,1 Aru Balachandran,2 Masanori Morita,3 Tetsuyuki
Kitamoto,4 Rona Barron,5 Jean Manson,5 Richard Kniqht,1 James W. lronside1 and
Mark W. Head1
1National CJD Research and Surveillance Unit; Centre for Clinical Brain
Sciences; School of Clinical Sciences; The University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh,
UK; 2National and OIE Reference Laboratory for Scrapie and CWD; Canadian Food
Inspection Agency; Ottawa Laboratory; Fallowfield. ON Canada; 3Infectious
Pathogen Research Section; Central Research Laboratory; Japan Blood Products
Organization; Kobe, Japan; 4Department of Neurological Science; Tohoku
University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai. Japan; 5Neurobiology Division;
The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS; University of Edinburgh; Easter Bush;
Midlothian; Edinburgh, UK
Background. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is a known zoonotic
prion disease, resulting in variant Creurzfeldt- Jakob disease (vCJD) in humans.
In contrast, classical scrapie in sheep is thought to offer little or no danger
to human health. However, a widening range of prion diseases have been
recognized in cattle, sheep and deer. The risks posed by individual animal prion
diseases to human health cannot be determined a priori and are difficult to
assess empirically. The fundamemal event in prion disease pathogenesis is
thought to be the seeded conversion of normal prion protein (PrPC) to its
pathological isoform (PrPSc). Here we report the use of a rapid molecular
conversion assay to test whether brain specimens from different animal prion
diseases are capable of seeding the conversion of human PrPC ro PrPSc.
Material and Methods. Classical BSE (C-type BSE), H-type BSE, L-type BSE,
classical scrapie, atypical scrapie, chronic wasting disease and vCJD brain
homogenates were tested for their ability to seed conversion of human PrPC to
PrPSc in protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) reactions. Newly formed
human PrPSc was detected by protease digestion and western blotting using the
antibody 3F4.
Results. C-type BSE and vCJD were found to efficiently convert PrPC to
PrPSc. Scrapie failed to convert human PrPC to PrPSc. Of the other animal prion
diseases tested only chronic wasting disease appeared to have the capability ro
convert human PrPC to PrPSc. The results were consistent whether the human PrPC
came from human brain, humanised transgenic mouse brain or from cultured human
cells and the effect was more pronounced for PrPC with methionine at codon 129
compared with that with valine.
Conclusion. Our results show that none of the tested animal prion disease
isolates are as efficient as C-type BSE and vCJD in converting human prion
protein in this in vitro assay. ***However, they also show that there is no
absolute barrier ro conversion of human prion protein in the case of chronic
wasting disease.
=====
Invited.16: Studies of chronic wasting disease transmission in cervid and
non-cervid species
Edward A, Hoover,1 Candace K. Mathiason,1 Davin M. Henderson,1 Nicholas J.
Haley,1 Davis M. Seelig,1 Nathaniel D. Denkers,1 Amy V. Nalls,1 Mark D. Zabe,1
Glenn C. Telling,1 Fernando Goni2 and Thomas Wisniewski,2
1Prion Research Center; Colorado State University; Fort Collins, CO USA;
2New York University School of Medicine; New York, NY USA
How and why some misfolded proteins become horizontally transmitted agents
and occasionally cross species barriers are issues fundamental to understanding
prion disease. Chronic wasting disease (CWD) of cervids is perhaps a prototype
of horizontal prion transmission, encompassing efficient mucosal uptake,
lymphoid amplification, neuroinvasion, peripheralization, and dissemination via
mucosal excretion. Efficient mucosal transmission of CWD in deer has been
demonstrated by oral, nasal, aerosol, and indirect contact exposure. In
addition, other studies (Mathiason CK, et al.) reported at the symposium support
a significant role for pre- and/or postnatal transmission of CWD from doe to
offspring. Accumulating, yet still incomplete, evidence also suggests that the
period of relatively covert CWD infection may be longer than originally thought.
Given the above, minimally invasive sensitive assays based on body fluids from
live animals would aid substantially in understanding the biology of CWD. We
have been applying seeded realtirne quaking-induced amplification of recombinant
PrP substrates (i.e., RT-QuIC methodology) to: (1) investigate antemortem CWD
detection, and (2) model PrP-based species barriers and trans-species
adaptation-topics we previously explored using sPMCA and in vivo bioassays. At
this symposium, we report sensitive and specific detection CWD prions in saliva,
urine, blood (Mathiason lab), and rectal and pharyngeal lymph node samples
(Haley NJ, et al.) from pre-symptomatic and symptomatic experimentally and
naturally exposed deer. Other ongoing studies are employing RT-QuIC methodology
to model amplification barriers among CWD, FSE, BSE, and CJD prions using
cervine, feline, bovine, human, and promiscuous rPrP substrates and the above
species prion seeds, cellular co-factors, and transgenic mice. Finally, in
collaboration with the Wisniewski laboratory, we are conducting of experimental
CWD vaccination studies in deer employing oral administration of an attenuated
Salmonella vector expressing cervid PrP epitopes.
=====
AD.06: Detecting prions in the brain and blood of TSE-infected deer and
hamsters
Alan Elder,1 Davin Henderson,1 Anca Selariu,1 Amy Nalls,1 Byron Caughey,2
Richard Bessen,1 Jason Bartz3 and Candace Mathiason1
1Colorado State University; Fort Collins, CO USA; 2NIH Rocky Mountain
Laboratories; Hamilton, MT USA; 3Creighton University; Omaha, NE USA
While large quantities of protease resistant prion protein (PrPres) can be
demonstrated by western blot or IHC in lymphoid biopsies or post-mortem brain
tissues harvested from prion-infected animals, these conventional assays are
less reliable as means to detect the small quantities of prions thought to be
present in bodily fluids or associated with early and asymptomatic phases of TSE
disease. The Real Time-Quaking Induced Conversion (RT-QuIC) assay is capable of
detecting prions at concentrations below the level of sensitivity of
conventional assays and provides a real-time fluorescent readout negating the
use of proteases. We have made modifications to the RT-QuIC assay to utilize it
for the detection of PrPres in brain and blood harvested from various species
infected with prions. In this study, we analyzed CWD-infected deer and
CWD/TME-infected hamster whole blood to determine the effect of:
(1) various anticoagulants,
(2) freezing and
(3) NaPTA precipitation.
Brain tissue and blood collected from naive deer and hamsters served as
negative controls.
We were able to demonstrate amplifiable prions in
(1) brain and blood samples harvested from CWD/TME-infected animals,
(2) heparinized blood,
(3) frozen vs. fresh blood and
(4) NaPTA treated samples.
The RT-QuIC assay is able to detect PrPres in various species of animals
and shows promise as an antemortem diagnostic tool for blood-borne TSEs.
=====
Sunday, July 21, 2013
*** As Chronic Wasting Disease CWD rises in deer herd, what about risk for
humans?
Thursday, October 10, 2013
CJD REPORT 1994 increased risk for consumption of veal and venison and lamb
*** The potential impact of prion diseases on human health was greatly
magnified by the recognition that interspecies transfer of BSE to humans by beef
ingestion resulted in vCJD. While changes in animal feed constituents and
slaughter practices appear to have curtailed vCJD, there is concern that CWD of
free-ranging deer and elk in the U.S. might also cross the species barrier.
Thus, consuming venison could be a source of human prion disease. Whether BSE
and CWD represent interspecies scrapie transfer or are newly arisen prion
diseases is unknown. Therefore, the possibility of transmission of prion disease
through other food animals cannot be ruled out. There is evidence that vCJD can
be transmitted through blood transfusion. There is likely a pool of unknown size
of asymptomatic individuals infected with vCJD, and there may be asymptomatic
individuals infected with the CWD equivalent. These circumstances represent a
potential threat to blood, blood products, and plasma supplies.
Sunday, August 11, 2013
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease CJD cases rising North America updated report
August 2013
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease CJD cases rising North America with Canada seeing
an extreme increase of 48% between 2008 and 2010
Sunday, October 13, 2013
CJD TSE Prion Disease Cases in Texas by Year, 2003-2012
TSS
No comments:
Post a Comment
Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.