Chronic Wasting Disease CWD and Land Value concerns ?
Chronic Wasting Disease CWD and Land Value concerns ?
the farm appraised out at $371,000 (I don’t know if that appraisal included
the fact the farm had the highest CWD rate in North American, at the time of the
appraisal on record?), and the state gave them $465,000 for the place.
looks like a profit of $94,000. so, seems like having a CWD infected farm,
did not hurt these folks at the Buckhorn flats.
I wonder what the Brakkes will get in Iowa for their CWD farm, and what
amount the taxpayers might half to pay for that ???
SUBJECT: LAND ACQUISITION AND PROHIBITION OF NATURE -BASED OUTDOOR
ACTIVITIES - STATEWIDE
WILDLIFE HABITAT PROGRAM - PORTAGE COUNTY
FOR: MARCH 2011 BOARD MEETING
TO BE PRESENTED BY: Richard Steffes
SUMMARY: The Department has obtained an agreement to purchase 80 acres of
land from Patricia Casey for $465,000 for the Statewide Wildlife Habitat
program, in Portage County, The item is being submitted because the price
exceeds the appraised value of $371,000 and because the Department will prohibit
Nature-Based Outdoor Activities on the land.
The property is located in south central Portage County about 12 miles
southeast of Plover in the Town of Almond. The property, which includes a single
family residence, a metal building, and a storage shed, was operated as a deer
farm until 2006 at which time it was closed down because of an outbreak of
chronic wasting disease (CWD). All the deer in the operation were destroyed and
the operation has stood vacant for the last 5 years per U.S. Department of
Agriculture requirements. During this time and until May 24, 20 II, the fences
around this facility must be maintained and the premise cannot be used as a deer
farm, though other animals such as cattle or horses would be permitted. After
May 24, all such restrictions will expire. This site, known as the Hall Farm,
had the highest prevalence of CWD positive deer recorded at any deer farm in
North America.
Based on available science, the Department believes that there is an
unacceptable potential risk of exposure to CWD causing prions to wild cervids in
this area should the premise fencing be removed. To minimize this risk, the
Department believes that the fences should remain intact and in place until
science can demonstrate that there is no longer any potential risk. After
extensive consideration of several options, the Department maintains that the
purchase and subsequent management of the property and fences is the only
realistic option.
The Department proposes to prohibit all public Use of the property in order
to ensure confinement and control of contaminated soils and limit any potential
spread of Chronic Wasting Disease from the property to surrounding lands and
wild deer populations and to allow for research of prions and prion related
diseases such as Chronic Wasting Disease. The property is currently surrounded
by a deer fence and removal of that fence to allow public use, or public use of
any form inside the fenced area would be incompatible with the primary purpose
for acquiring the property. The Department has determined that it is necessary
to prohibit all public access on the site to accommodate the Department's
primary purpose for the acquisition and its intended use of the property for
research and wildlife management.
Acquisition of this property will minimize any potential risk to local
cervids from the CWD causing prions that may exist within the fenced area. The
Department will consider sale of the house at a later date if local zoning can
be modified for a lot size that would not contain contaminated soil. State
ownership will allow the Department to maintain the deer proof fence, thereby
protecting wild deer from CWD infection from the contaminated soil on this
former deer farm.
RECOMMENDATION: That the Board approve the purchase of 80 acres of land for
$465,000 for the Statewide Wildlife Habitat Program in Portage County and
approve the restrictions on public use of the site.
SUMMARY: The Department has obtained an agreement to purchase 80 acres of
land from Patricia Casey for $465,000 for the Statewide Wildlife Habitat
program, in Portage Country. The iten is being submitted because the price
EXCEEDS the appraised value of $371,000 and because the Department will PROHIBIT
NATURE-BASED OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES ON THE LAND.
The property is located in south central Portage County about 12 miles
southeast of Plover in the Town of Almond. The property, which includes a single
family residence, a metal building, and a storage shed, was operated as a deer
farm until 2006 at which time it was closed down because of an outbreak of
chronic wasting disease (CWD). All the deer in the operation were destroyed and
the operation has stood vacant for the last 5 years per U.S. Department of
Agriculture requirements. During this time and until May 24, 2011, the fences
around this facility must be maintained and the premise cannot be used as a deer
farm, _though other animals such as cattle or horses would be permitted_. AFTER
MAY 24, ALL SUCH RESTRICTIONS WILL EXPIRE. This site, known as the Hall Farm,
HAD THE HIGHEST PREVALENCE OF CWD POSITIVE DEER RECORDED AT ANY DEER FARM IN
NORTH AMERICA. ...
how many states have $465,000., and can quarantine and purchase there from,
each cwd said infected farm, but how many states can afford this for all the cwd
infected cervid game ranch type farms ???
Tuesday, December 20, 2011
CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE CWD WISCONSIN Almond Deer (Buckhorn Flats) Farm
Update DECEMBER 2011
The CWD infection rate was nearly 80%, the highest ever in a North American
captive herd. RECOMMENDATION: That the Board approve the purchase of 80 acres of
land for $465,000 for the Statewide Wildlife Habitat Program in Portage County
and approve the restrictions on public use of the site.
SUMMARY:
Despite the five year premise plan and site decontamination, The WI DNR has
concerns over the bioavailability of infectious prions at this site to wild
white-tail deer should these fences be removed. Current research indicates that
prions can persist in soil for a minimum of 3 years. However, Georgsson et al.
(2006) concluded that prions that produced scrapie disease in sheep remained
bioavailable and infectious for at least 16 years in natural Icelandic
environments, most likely in contaminated soil. Additionally, the authors
reported that from 1978-2004, scrapie recurred on 33 sheep farms, of which 9
recurrences occurred 14-21 years after initial culling and subsequent restocking
efforts; these findings further emphasize the effect of environmental
contamination on sustaining TSE infectivity and that long-term persistence of
prions in soils may be substantially greater than previously thought. Evidence
of environmental transmission also was documented in a Colorado research
facility where mule deer became infected with CWD in two of three paddocks where
infected deer carcasses had decomposed on site 1.8 years earlier, and in one of
three paddocks where infected deer had last resided 2.2 years earlier (Miller et
al. 2004).
snip...
Environmental contamination has been identified as a possible cause of
recurrence of CWD-infection on elk farms in Canada, when elk were reintroduced
one year after depopulation, clean up and disinfection. To date, 8 CWD infected
farms remain under CFIA (government of Canada) quarantine indefinitely and will
not be allowed to repopulate with cervids until there is additional research on
detection of prions in soils and better understanding of the duration of
persistence of disease-causing prion post depopulation of CWD-infected cervid
farms (Douglas, CFIA, pers. comm.).
Furthermore, the likely transmission of CWD via soil is corroborated by
recent studies showing long-term persistence of prions in soil, that prion binds
to soil components with high affinity and is not easily removed by water, and
that oral prion disease transmission may be enhanced when bound to soil (Johnson
et al. 2006, Schramm et al. 2006, Johnson et al. 2007). These findings suggest
that soil may harbor more TSE infectivity and contribute more significantly to
TSE transmission than previously recognized. These studies highlight the
concerns about the risk of transmission via environmental contamination beyond
five years and that efforts should be made to prevent freeranging deer from
coming into contact with these contaminated facilities.
SNIP...
CHAPTER TWO
OBJECTIVE FOR PROPERTY
Maintain the Perimeter Deer Fence
Infectious agent of sheep scrapie may persist in the environment for at
least 16 years
Gudmundur Georgsson,1 Sigurdur Sigurdarson2 and Paul Brown3
Correspondence Gudmundur Georgsson ggeorgs@hi.is 1Institute for
Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland, Keldur v/vesturlandsveg, IS-112
Reykjavı´k, Iceland 2Laboratory of the Chief Veterinary Officer, Keldur, Iceland
3Bethesda, Maryland, USA Received 7 March 2006 Accepted 6 August 2006
In 1978, a rigorous programme was implemented to stop the spread of, and
subsequently eradicate, sheep scrapie in Iceland. Affected flocks were culled,
premises were disinfected and, after 2–3 years, restocked with lambs from
scrapie-free areas. Between 1978 and 2004, scrapie recurred on 33 farms. Nine of
these recurrences occurred 14–21 years after culling, apparently as the result
of environmental contamination, but outside entry could not always be absolutely
excluded. Of special interest was one farm with a small, completely
self-contained flock where scrapie recurred 18 years after culling, 2 years
after some lambs had been housed in an old sheephouse that had never been
disinfected. Epidemiological investigation established with near certitude that
the disease had not been introduced from the outside and it is concluded that
the agent may have persisted in the old sheep-house for at least 16 years.
snip...
Scrapie is not known to infect humans directly; however, it is highly
likely that it did infect cattle (as BSE), which in turn infected humans
(variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease). Such species-barrier crossings could be
dangerous, should it be discovered that BSE has been transmitted to and
maintained in genetically diverse European sheep breeds (Asante et al., 2002).
At least one goat (in France) has contracted BSE in the field (Eloit et al.,
2005) and it has recently been shown that BSE can also be transmitted naturally
to healthy sheep from sheep infected experimentally with BSE (Bellworthy et al.,
2005). It is to be expected that the agent of BSE, which shows chemical and
physical resistance equal to or greater than that of any other tested strain of
TSE (Taylor et al., 1994; Schreuder et al., 1998; Cardone et al., 2006), may
persist for at least as long in the environment as the scrapie agent. The burial
of thousands of sheep and cattle during a recent footand- mouth disease outbreak
in the UK, and possible illegal burial of BSE cattle, is thus of concern for
public health.
BSE INQUIRY
THE LANCET VOL 337: FEB 2, 1991
Survival of Scrapie virus after 3 years interment
Paul Brown D. Carleton Gajdusek
Thursday, February 17, 2011
Environmental Sources of Scrapie Prions
SNIP...
Some unofficial information from a source on the inside looking out -
Confidential!!!!
As early as 1992-3 there had been long studies conducted on small pastures
containing scrapie infected sheep at the sheep research station associated with
the Neuropathogenesis Unit in Edinburgh, Scotland. Whether these are
documented...I don't know. But personal recounts both heard and recorded in a
daily journal indicate that leaving the pastures free and replacing the topsoil
completely at least 2 feet of thickness each year for SEVEN years....and then
when very clean (proven scrapie free) sheep were placed on these small
pastures.... the new sheep also broke out with scrapie and passed it to
offspring. I am not sure that TSE contaminated ground could ever be free of the
agent!! A very frightening revelation!!!
----------
You can take that with however many grains of salt you wish, and we can
debate these issues all day long, but the bottom line, this is not
rocket-science, all one has to do is some experiments and case studies. But for
the life of me, I don't know what they are waiting on?
Kind regards,
Terry S. Singeltary Sr. Bacliff, Texas USA
More here:
SEE FULL TEXT ;
Thursday, February 17, 2011
Environmental Sources of Scrapie Prions
Monday, December 02, 2013
WISCONSIN CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE CWD DISCOVERED MARATHON COUNTY HUNTING
PRESERVE
Wednesday, August 21, 2013
IOWA DNR EMERGENCY CONSENT ORDER IN THE MATTER OF TOM & LINDA BRAKKE
D/B/A PINE RIDGE HUNTING LODGE UPDATE AUGUST 21, 2013
snip...
5. On July 16, 2012, DNR received a notice from the Texas Veterinary
Medical Diagnostic Lab ("Texas Vet Lab”) that a sample from an adult male deer
killed at Pine Ridge tested presumptively positive for CWD. (DNR has an
agreement with the Texas Vet Lab to run these preliminary tests.) Because the
Texas Vet Lab found this presumptive positive result, protocols required the
sample to be sent to the National Veterinary Services Laboratory ("National
Lab”) in Ames, Iowa for final confirmation. On July 18, 2012, the National Lab
confirmed the positive CWD result in the deer.
6. On July 19, 2012, DNR notified the Brakkes of the positive test by
phone. Mr. Brakke was out of state.
7. On July 23, 2012, DNR met with the Brakkes to initiate an
epidemiological investigation. This investigation would help determine where the
infected deer came from and make preliminary assessments about the extent of the
exposure. The Brakkes provided information including their herd inventory and
photographic evidence of the animals killed on the date the infected deer was
killed. Also present at this meeting were representatives from the Iowa
Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship ("IDALS"), the United States
Department of Agriculture ("USDA") and the Iowa Whitetail Deer Association, an
Iowa non-profit organization. IDALS regulates breeding programs that sometimes
populate hunting preserves. USDA regulates interstate transport of captive deer;
its veterinarian designated as the Area Veterinarian in Charge would have been
involved to determine if the diseased captive deer are or may have been moved
through interstate commerce and/or transport.
8. Based on information provided by the Brakkes, DNR concluded that captive
deer killed on the Hunting Preserve on the same day as the infected deer were
located in Florida, New Hampshire, Tennessee and Iowa. Between July 27, 2012 and
August 6, 2012, DNR worked with law enforcement officials from those other
states to collect samples from the antlers of those deer for DNA testing. These
tests would help to identify the origin of the infected deer and verify Brakke's
prior documents that the infected deer came from the breeding facility run by
the Tom and Rhonda Brakke in Cerro Gordo County, Iowa ("Brakke’s Breeding
Facility"). These samples were obtained in a manner to preserve the chain of
custody.
9. On August 10, 2012, the Wyoming Game and Fish Wildlife Forensic and Fish
Health Laboratory ("Wyoming Lab") provided DNR results for the seven specimens
provided to it. (DNR has an agreement with the Wyoming Lab to conduct DNA
testing.) The results confirmed that the infected deer originated from the
Brakke's Breeding Facility.
10. On August 13, 2012, DNR notified the Brakkes of the DNA results by
telephone. DNR advised the Brakkes that they would need to meet with DNR to
develop a plan to address the CWD infection at the Hunting Preserve. DNR would
have also been communicating with IDALS consistent with the Plan.
11. On September 7, 2012, DNR and the Brakkes executed an agreement
("Agreement") to depopulate the Hunting Preserve by January 31, 2013, and to
clean and disinfect the Hunting Preserve. It also contained a general Compliance
with Laws provision, which required the Brakkes to comply with all applicable
federal, state and local laws and regulations, including without limitation the
rules described in 571 Iowa Administrative Code section 115.10 related to the
maintenance of a
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page 4 IOWA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES EMERGENCY ORDER ISSUED TO: TOM
AND RHONDA BRAKKE D/B/A PINE RIDGE HUNTING PRESERVE
quarantine on the Quarantined Premises and the prohibition of deer movement
in or out of the Quarantined Premises.
12. The Brakkes depopulated the Hunting Preserve, as specified in the
Agreement, from September 10, 2012 to January 31, 2013. As part of this effort,
the Brakkes, the staff and their customers killed 199 captive deer and nine
captive elk. The DNR obtained 170 CWD samples. (Samples were not taken from
fawns and one adult female who was killed in a manner that made sampling
impossible.) Of these 199 deer, two additional adult male deer tested positive
for CWD. Information provided by the Brakkes confirmed that these two additional
deer originated from the Brakke Breeding Facility.
13. DNR installed, with the Brakke's permission, an interior electric fence
on October 1 and 2, 2012.
14. The Brakkes cleaned and disinfected, under DNR supervision, the feeders
and ground surrounding the feeders on April 5, 2013.
15. On April 26, 2013, the Brakkes hand-delivered a notice to the DNR’s
Chief of Law Enforcement Bureau, notifying the DNR that they would no longer
operate a hunting preserve on the Quarantined Premises. The Brakkes did not
reveal any plans to remove the fence around the Quarantined Premises or to
remove the gates to and from the Quarantined Premises in this April 26, 2013
letter.
16. On June 3, 2013, DNR became aware that sections of the exterior fence
surrounding the Quarantined Premises had been removed and that some, if not all,
of the exterior gates to and from the Quarantined Premises were open.
17. On June 4, 2013, DNR received reports from the public in the area that
four wild deer were observed inside the Quarantined Premises.
18. On June 5, 2013, DNR conducted a fence inspection, after gaining
approval from surrounding landowners, and confirmed that the fenced had been cut
or removed in at least four separate locations; that the fence had degraded and
was failing to maintain the enclosure around the Quarantined Premises in at
least one area; that at least three gates had been opened; and that deer tracks
were visible in and around one of the open areas in the sand on both sides of
the fence, evidencing movement of deer into the Quarantined Premises.
IV. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW
snip...
Wednesday, August 21, 2013
IOWA DNR EMERGENCY CONSENT ORDER IN THE MATTER OF TOM & LINDA BRAKKE
D/B/A PINE RIDGE HUNTING LODGE UPDATE AUGUST 21, 2013
The rate of transmission of CWD has been reported to be as high as 30% and
can approach 100% among captive animals in endemic areas (Safar et al., 2008).
snip... In summary, in endemic areas, there is a medium probability that the
soil and surrounding environment is contaminated with CWD prions and in a
bioavailable form. In rural areas where CWD has not been reported and deer are
present, there is a greater than negligible risk the soil is contaminated with
CWD prion. snip... In summary, given the volume of tourists, hunters and
servicemen moving between GB and North America, the probability of at least one
person travelling to/from a CWD affected area and, in doing so, contaminating
their clothing, footwear and/or equipment prior to arriving in GB is greater
than negligible. For deer hunters, specifically, the risk is likely to be
greater given the increased contact with deer and their environment. However,
there is significant uncertainty associated with these estimates. snip...
Therefore, it is considered that farmed and park deer may have a higher
probability of exposure to CWD transferred to the environment than wild deer
given the restricted habitat range and higher frequency of contact with tourists
and returning GB residents. snip...
SNIP...SEE ;
Friday, December 14, 2012
DEFRA U.K. What is the risk of Chronic Wasting Disease CWD being introduced
into Great Britain? A Qualitative Risk Assessment October 2012
Friday, February 08, 2013
*** Behavior of Prions in the Environment: Implications for Prion Biology
Uptake of Prions into Plants
Friday, August 09, 2013
***CWD TSE prion, plants, vegetables, and the potential for environmental
contamination
PRION2013 CONGRESSIONAL ABSTRACTS CWD
Thursday, August 08, 2013
Characterization of the first case of naturally occurring chronic wasting
disease in a captive red deer (Cervus elaphus) in North America
Sunday, September 01, 2013
hunting over gut piles and CWD TSE prion disease
Wednesday, September 04, 2013
***cwd - cervid captive livestock escapes, loose and on the run in the
wild...
Monday, October 07, 2013
The importance of localized culling in stabilizing chronic wasting disease
prevalence in white-tailed deer populations
Saturday, March 10, 2012
CWD, GAME FARMS, urine, feces, soil, lichens, and banned mad cow protein
feed CUSTOM MADE for deer and elk
PRION2013 CONGRESSIONAL ABSTRACTS CWD
Sunday, August 25, 2013
***Chronic Wasting Disease CWD risk factors, humans, domestic cats, blood,
and mother to offspring transmission
Sunday, July 21, 2013
*** As Chronic Wasting Disease CWD rises in deer herd, what about risk for
humans?
Envt.07:
Pathological Prion Protein (PrPTSE) in Skeletal Muscles of Farmed and Free
Ranging White-Tailed Deer Infected with Chronic Wasting Disease
Martin L. Daus,1,† Johanna Breyer,2 Katjs Wagenfuehr,1 Wiebke Wemheuer,2
Achim Thomzig,1 Walter Schulz-Schaeffer2 and Michael Beekes1 1Robert Koch
Institut; P24 TSE; Berlin, Germany; 2Department of Neuropathology, Prion and
Dementia Research Unit, University Medical Center Göttingen; Göttingen, Germany
†Presenting author; Email: dausm@rki.de
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a contagious, rapidly spreading
transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) occurring in cervids in North
America. Despite efficient horizontal transmission of CWD among cervids natural
transmission of the disease to other species has not yet been observed. Here, we
report a direct biochemical demonstration of pathological prion protein PrPTSE
and of PrPTSE-associated seeding activity in skeletal muscles of CWD-infected
cervids. The presence of PrPTSE was detected by Western- and postfixed frozen
tissue blotting, while the seeding activity of PrPTSE was revealed by protein
misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA). The concentration of PrPTSE in skeletal
muscles of CWD-infected WTD was estimated to be approximately 2000- to
10000-fold lower than in brain tissue. Tissue-blot-analyses revealed that PrPTSE
was located in muscle- associated nerve fascicles but not, in detectable
amounts, in myocytes. ***The presence and seeding activity of PrPTSE in skeletal
muscle from CWD-infected cervids suggests prevention of such tissue in the human
diet as a precautionary measure for food safety, pending on further
clarification of whether CWD may be transmissible to humans.
Thursday, October 10, 2013
CJD REPORT 1994 increased risk for consumption of veal and venison and lamb
Sunday, August 11, 2013
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease CJD cases rising North America updated report
August 2013
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease CJD cases rising North America with Canada seeing
an extreme increase of 48% between 2008 and 2010
Monday, December 02, 2013
A parliamentary inquiry has been launched today into the safety of blood,
tissue and organ screening following fears that vCJD – the human form of ‘mad
cow’ disease – may be being spread by medical procedures
Friday, November 29, 2013
Identification of Misfolded Proteins in Body Fluids for the Diagnosis of
Prion Diseases
International Journal of Cell Biology
The chances of a person or domestic animal contracting CWD are “extremely
remote,” Richards said. The possibility can’t be ruled out, however. “One could
look at it like a game of chance,” he explained. “The odds (of infection)
increase over time because of repeated exposure. That’s one of the downsides of
having CWD in free-ranging herds: We’ve got this infectious agent out there that
we can never say never to in terms of (infecting) people and domestic
livestock.”
P35
ADAPTATION OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE (CWD) INTO HAMSTERS, EVIDENCE OF A
WISCONSIN STRAIN OF CWD
Chad Johnson1, Judd Aiken2,3,4 and Debbie McKenzie4,5 1 Department of
Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, USA 53706 2
Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutritional Sciences, 3 Alberta Veterinary
Research Institute, 4.Center for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, 5
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada
T6G 2P5
The identification and characterization of prion strains is increasingly
important for the diagnosis and biological definition of these infectious
pathogens. Although well-established in scrapie and, more recently, in BSE,
comparatively little is known about the possibility of prion strains in chronic
wasting disease (CWD), a disease affecting free ranging and captive cervids,
primarily in North America. We have identified prion protein variants in the
white-tailed deer population and demonstrated that Prnp genotype affects the
susceptibility/disease progression of white-tailed deer to CWD agent. The
existence of cervid prion protein variants raises the likelihood of distinct CWD
strains. Small rodent models are a useful means of identifying prion strains. We
intracerebrally inoculated hamsters with brain homogenates and phosphotungstate
concentrated preparations from CWD positive hunter-harvested (Wisconsin CWD
endemic area) and experimentally infected deer of known Prnp genotypes. These
transmission studies resulted in clinical presentation in primary passage of
concentrated CWD prions. Subclinical infection was established with the other
primary passages based on the detection of PrPCWD in the brains of hamsters and
the successful disease transmission upon second passage. Second and third
passage data, when compared to transmission studies using different CWD inocula
(Raymond et al., 2007) indicate that the CWD agent present in the Wisconsin
white-tailed deer population is different than the strain(s) present in elk,
mule-deer and white-tailed deer from the western United States endemic region.
Sunday, October 13, 2013
CJD TSE Prion Disease Cases in Texas by Year, 2003-2012
Saturday, November 2, 2013
Recommendation of the Swiss Expert Committee for Biosafety on the
classification of activities using prion genes and prion protein January 2013
Saturday, November 16, 2013
Management of neurosurgical instruments and patients exposed to
creutzfeldt-jakob disease 2013 December
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol.
there is in fact evidence that the potential for cwd transmission to humans
exists, and has existed for some time now, and potential CWD transmission to
humans and other species can NOT be ruled out. ...
kind regards, terry
posted by Terry S. Singeltary Sr. at
2:02 PM
0 Comments:
Post a Comment
Subscribe to Post Comments [Atom]
<< Home