MICHIGAN SENATE BILL 27 TURNS OVER GAME FARMS and CWD RISK FACTORS THERE FROM, TO DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE $
From: Terry S. Singeltary Sr.
Sent: Wednesday, March 21, 2012 10:00 PM
To: govscheduling@michigan.gov
Cc: jcobb@senate.michigan.gov ; mhart@senate.michigan.gov ; SenRichardville@senate.michigan.gov ; SenJBrandenburg@senate.michigan.gov ; SenBCaswell@senate.michigan.gov ; SenPColbeck@senate.michigan.gov ; SenDHildenbrand@senate.michigan.gov ; SenJHune@senate.michigan.gov ; senmjansen@senate.michigan.gov ; SenRJones@senate.michigan.gov ; senrkahn@senate.michigan.gov ; SenMKowall@senate.michigan.gov ; jimmarleau@senate.michigan.gov ; SenAMeekhof@senate.michigan.gov ; TSchuitmaker@senate.michigan.gov ; senmnofs@senate.michigan.gov ; SenJProos@senate.michigan.gov ; SenDRobertson@senate.michigan.gov ; SenHWalker@senate.michigan.gov ; DNR-Wildlife@michigan.gov ; DNR-Wildlife@michigan.gov ; charlesbrunner@house.mi.gov ; stacyerwinoakes@house.mi.gov ; albertatalabi@house.mi.gov ; marciahoveywright@house.mi.gov ; katesegal@house.mi.gov ; charlessmiley@house.mi.gov
Subject: MICHIGAN SENATE BILL 27 TURNS OVER GAME FARMS and CWD RISK FACTORS THERE FROM, TO DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE $
Greetings Honorable Governor Snyder, Senators, and MICHIGAN HUNTERS ET AL, please be advised ;
MICHIGAN SENATE BILL 27 TURNS OVER GAME FARMS and CWD RISK FACTORS THERE FROM, TO DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE $
Greetings Governor Snyder, Senators, and MICHIGAN HUNTERS ET AL, please be advised ;
16 ( g ) ‘’Department’’ means the Michigan department of natural
17 resources AGRICULTURE.
18 ( h ) ‘’Director’’ means the director of the Michigan department
19 of natural resources AGRICULTURE or his or her designee.
SENATE BILL No. 27
January 19, 2011, Introduced by Senator HANSEN and referred to the Committee on Agriculture.
A bill to amend 2000 PA 190, entitled
"Privately owned cervidae producers marketing act,"
by amending sections 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 10 (MCL 287.952, 287.953,
287.954, 287.956, 287.957, and 287.960), as amended by 2006 PA 561.
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN ENACT:
SENATE BILL No. 27
January 19, 2011, Introduced by Senator HANSEN and referred to the Committee on Agriculture.
A bill to amend 2000 PA 190, entitled
"Privately owned cervidae producers marketing act,"
by amending sections 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 10 (MCL 287.952, 287.953,
287.954, 287.956, 287.957, and 287.960), as amended by 2006 PA 561.
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN ENACT:
1 Sec. 2. As used in this act:
2 (a) "Business plan" means a written document of intent that a
3 person submits to the department that defines the methods,
4 protocols, or procedures that the person intends on implementing to
5 be in compliance with this act.
6 (b) "Biosecurity" means measures, actions, or precautions
7 taken to prevent the transmission of disease in, among, or between
2
00374'11 LBO
free-ranging and privately 1 owned cervidae species.
2 (c) "Cervidae livestock facility" means a privately owned
3 cervidae livestock operation on privately controlled lands capable
4 of holding cervidae species.
5 (d) "Cervidae livestock operation" means an operation that
6 contains 1 or more privately owned cervidae species involving the
7 producing, growing, propagating, using, harvesting, transporting,
8 exporting, importing, or marketing of cervidae species or cervidae
9 products under an appropriate registration.
10 (e) "Cervidae products" means any products, co-products, or
11 by-products of cervidae, including antler, antler velvet, meat, or
12 any part of the animal.
13 (f) "Cervidae species" means members of the cervidae family
14 including, but not limited to, deer, elk, moose, reindeer, and
15 caribou.
MICHIGAN HUNTERS ET AL, please be advised ;
16 ( g ) ‘’Department’’ means the Michigan department of natural
17 resources AGRICULTURE.
18 ( h ) ‘’Director’’ means the director of the Michigan department
19 of natural resources AGRICULTURE or his or her designee.
END...TSS
http://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/2011-2012/billintroduced/Senate/pdf/2011-SIB-0027.pdf
YOU can send your thank you notes for risking Michigans wild deer herd to CWD to Senator Goeffrey Hansen ;
Senate Bill 0027 (2011)
Sponsor Goeffrey Hansen
Categories Agriculture, animals; Animals, game; State agencies (existing), natural resources and environment; State agencies (existing), agriculture
Agriculture; animals; transfer of regulatory responsibility from department of natural resources and environment to department of agriculture; provide for. Amends secs. 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 & 10 of 2000 PA 190 (MCL 287.952 et seq.).
Bill Document Formatting Information [x] The following bill formatting applies to the 2011-2012 session: - New language in an amendatory bill will be shown in BOLD AND UPPERCASE. - Language to be removed will be stricken. - Amendments made by the House will be blue with square brackets, such as: [House amended text]. - Amendments made by the Senate will be red with double greater/lesser than symbols, such as: <>. (gray icons indicate that the action did not occur or that the document is not available) Documents
http://www.legislature.mi.gov/(S(y5jfo5550cvn0a55odr3k545))/mileg.aspx?page=GetObject&objectname=2011-SB-0027
Senate Bill 27 (Substitute S-1 as reported) Sponsor: Senator Goeff Hansen Committee: Agriculture Date Completed: 6-6-11
RATIONALE
The Privately Owned Cervidae Producers Marketing Act was enacted in 2000 to provide for the regulation of cervidae livestock operations, where animals such as deer and elk are raised or held in captivity. At the same time, legislation removed privately owned cervidae from regulation as game by the Department of Natural Resources (DNR). Cervid livestock operations range from small farms where the animals are bred, to large ranches where they are hunted. Originally, the Michigan Department of Agriculture (MDA) was responsible for administering the Act. In an effort to prevent the spread of Chronic Wasting Disease, former Governor Granholm transferred regulatory functions to the DNR via Executive Order 2004-03, and statutory amendments enacted in 2006 reflect this change. While the DNR is responsible for such activities as registering facilities, inspecting enclosures, and enforcing standards, the MDA remains responsible for ensuring animal health, particularly through testing. Some people believe that returning regulatory authority to the MDA (now called the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development) would be consistent with the Department's agriculture-related mission. CONTENT
http://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/2011-2012/billanalysis/Senate/pdf/2011-SFA-0027-A.pdf
Greetings Michigan hunters et al,
I strenuously urge the Good Governor of Michigan, to read carefully, the science, and history of CWD in game farms, and the risk factors there from that the CDC just put out.
first my comment on why I think the department of agriculture is a bad choice to manage game farms. ...
USDA VS DNR
from a TSE Prion aka mad cow disease point of regulatory efforts, the USDA et al fumbled, bumbled, lost the football so many times, well, see for yourself. there is too much evidence to post here, for those interested, please see below, these links will lead you to that evidence. in short, the USDA (USA) had the gold card for trading, and boasted all the time about it, up and until that fateful day in Dec. of 2003. all things changed, you see, the gold card consisted of the USDA being able to corner the markets. simply because the USDA never intended to find any BSE with the infamous, enhanced, 2004 BSE surveillance program. from day one that program was set up to fail, and the BSE Harvard Risk assessment proved this. from bumbled testing protocols where you never would have a positive, only testing one part of the brain, with only the less sensitive testing, or, where the gosh darn guy collecting the suspect mad cow brains for the USDA to be tested, IS BRINGING ONLY HEALTHY BRAINS TO BE TESTED, to a failed BSE feed ban. the august 4, 1997, partial and voluntary mad cow feed ban was nothing but ink on paper. where as late as 10 years after said mad cow feed ban, some 10,000,000 pounds of suspect, banned, mad cow feed was fed out in commerce, where today, said feed ban still fails. remember .005 grams of BSE TSE prion tainted feed, is enough to kill a small herd of cows. from that Washington mad cow old dave capped, to the 1st documented mad cow in Texas they covered up i.e. stumbling and staggering highly suspect mad cow that officials in Austin made the final decision to rush that madcow to the render, to be chopped up for pet food, BEFORE ANY TEST COULD BE DONE. next mad cow in Texas, i.e. the infamous FONG madcow ............maybe flounder’s MADCOW too, that stumbling and staggering mad cow...went missing in action for a bit. I confirmed it some 7 months before myself and others finally got the USDA to confirm that madcow via Weybridge, and literally, an act of Congress, thanks to the Honorable Phyllis Fong of the OIG, and some scientist around the world...and me too...really, that’s my dang madcow. 7 months later, and after the gosh darn USDA during this 7 months, where that texas madcow tissue samples sat up on a shelf, or in a freezer, for the BSE MRR to be ratified. and it was. this made legal, the trading of all strains of TSE Prion mad cow disease to be traded globally, the Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Minimal Risk Region i.e. BSE MRR. IT did away with the Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Geographical Risk Assessments i.e BSE GBR. the BSE GBR was set forth with real science put forth, the BSE MRR was junk science, set up for trade $$$ you see, humans are expendable, due to the long incubation period. a few body bags will not matter. but they are slowly mounting, and the huge human health risk factor here is the iatrogenic aspect, i.e. friendly fire, pass it forward mode, i.e. blood, tissue, surgery, dental, that’s when all this becomes every persons problem. see correspondence between myself and TAHC. well, from there we go to Alabama. now, the Washington madcow was supposedly a Canadian mad cow sent to the USA. the USA and Canada traded cattle, livestock, feed, byproducts, like two lovers swapping spit. The Washington Canadian/USA madcow was a typical c-BSE madcow. Now, the second madcow in Texas, the one they finally decided to test after 7+ months, of a 48 hour confirmation turn around, so the BSE MRR policy could be ratified, was an atypical h-BSE madcow. moooving right along to the Alabama mad cow. the Alabama madcow was a strange type, it was atypical g-h-BSE i.e. genetic h-type atypical BSE. this is important, in the fact this cow matches exactly with the rising subtype of sporadic CJD in humans, what I call tpsCJD type pending sporadic CJD. right after that, the USDA decided to shut testing down to numbers so small (OIE standards), the odds of finding a madcow is nil. I am telling you, whether you want to hear it or not, North America, we have a problem, and the problem is slowly catching up with us $$$ really...
I would kindly and respectfully urge all of you to read the most up to date science on the Chronic Wasting Disease CWD and GAME FARMS.
The CDC just released a paper on the concern of these game farms and CWD, and also CWD to humans risk factor update.
I kindly urge you to look at the map ;
which came first, the cart or the horse ;
Minnesota
CAPTIVE CWD CONFIRMED 2002
FREE RANGING CWD CONFIRMED 2011
Colorado
Captive CWD discovered 1967
Free ranging CWD discovered 1981
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/18/3/11-0685-f1.htm
PLEASE STUDY THIS MAP !
SEE CWD MAP, RELATE TO DATES OF GAME FARM INFECTION, TO DATE OF INFECTION RATE IN WILD, SURROUNDING SAID INFECTED GAME FARMS. ...TSS
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/18/3/11-0685-f1.htm
*** Chronic Wasting Disease CWD CDC REPORT MARCH 2012 ***
Saturday, February 18, 2012
Occurrence, Transmission, and Zoonotic Potential of Chronic Wasting Disease
CDC Volume 18, Number 3—March 2012
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ahead-of-print/article/18/3/11-0685_article.htm
SNIP...
Long-term effects of CWD on cervid populations and ecosystems remain unclear as the disease continues to spread and prevalence increases. In captive herds, CWD might persist at high levels and lead to complete herd destruction in the absence of human culling. Epidemiologic modeling suggests the disease could have severe effects on free-ranging deer populations, depending on hunting policies and environmental persistence (8,9). CWD has been associated with large decreases in free-ranging mule deer populations in an area of high CWD prevalence (Boulder, Colorado, USA) (5).
SNIP...
CWD Zoonotic Potential, Species Barriers, and Strains
Current Understanding of the CWD Species Barrier
Strong evidence of zoonotic transmission of BSE to humans has led to concerns about zoonotic transmission of CWD (2,3). As noted above, CWD prions are present nearly ubiquitously throughout diseased hosts, including in muscle, fat, various glands and organs, antler velvet, and peripheral and CNS tissue (2,14,15). Thus, the potential for human exposure to CWD by handling and consumption of infectious cervid material is substantial and increases with increased disease prevalence.
Interspecies transmission of prion diseases often yields a species-barrier effect, in which transmission is less efficient compared with intraspecies transmission, as shown by lower attack rates and extended incubation periods (3,28). The species barrier effect is associated with minor differences in PrPc sequence and structure between the host and target species (3). Prion strain (discussed below) and route of inoculation also affect the species barrier (3,28). For instance, interspecies transmission by intracerebral inoculation is often possible but oral challenge is completely ineffective (29).
Most epidemiologic studies and experimental work have suggested that the potential for CWD transmission to humans is low, and such transmission has not been documented through ongoing surveillance (2,3). In vitro prion replication assays report a relatively low efficiency of CWD PrPSc-directed conversion of human PrPc to PrPSc (30), and transgenic mice overexpressing human PrPc are resistant to CWD infection (31); these findings indicate low zoonotic potential. However, squirrel monkeys are susceptible to CWD by intracerebral and oral inoculation (32). Cynomolgus macaques, which are evolutionarily closer to humans than squirrel monkeys, are resistant to CWD infection (32). Regardless, the finding that a primate is orally susceptible to CWD is of concern.
Interspecies transmission of CWD to noncervids has not been observed under natural conditions. CWD infection of carcass scavengers such as raccoons, opossums, and coyotes was not observed in a recent study in Wisconsin (22). In addition, natural transmission of CWD to cattle has not been observed in experimentally controlled natural exposure studies or targeted surveillance (2). However, CWD has been experimentally transmitted to cattle, sheep, goats, mink, ferrets, voles, and mice by intracerebral inoculation (2,29,33).
CWD is likely transmitted among mule, white-tailed deer, and elk without a major species barrier (1), and other members of the cervid family, including reindeer, caribou, and other species of deer worldwide, may be vulnerable to CWD infection. Black-tailed deer (a subspecies of mule deer) and European red deer (Cervus elaphus) are susceptible to CWD by natural routes of infection (1,34). Fallow deer (Dama dama) are susceptible to CWD by intracerebral inoculation (35). Continued study of CWD susceptibility in other cervids is of considerable interest.
Reasons for Caution
There are several reasons for caution with respect to zoonotic and interspecies CWD transmission. First, there is strong evidence that distinct CWD strains exist (36). Prion strains are distinguished by varied incubation periods, clinical symptoms, PrPSc conformations, and CNS PrPSc depositions (3,32). Strains have been identified in other natural prion diseases, including scrapie, BSE, and CJD (3). Intraspecies and interspecies transmission of prions from CWD-positive deer and elk isolates resulted in identification of >2 strains of CWD in rodent models (36), indicating that CWD strains likely exist in cervids. However, nothing is currently known about natural distribution and prevalence of CWD strains. Currently, host range and pathogenicity vary with prion strain (28,37). Therefore, zoonotic potential of CWD may also vary with CWD strain. In addition, diversity in host (cervid) and target (e.g., human) genotypes further complicates definitive findings of zoonotic and interspecies transmission potentials of CWD.
Intraspecies and interspecies passage of the CWD agent may also increase the risk for zoonotic CWD transmission. The CWD prion agent is undergoing serial passage naturally as the disease continues to emerge. In vitro and in vivo intraspecies transmission of the CWD agent yields PrPSc with an increased capacity to convert human PrPc to PrPSc (30). Interspecies prion transmission can alter CWD host range (38) and yield multiple novel prion strains (3,28). The potential for interspecies CWD transmission (by cohabitating mammals) will only increase as the disease spreads and CWD prions continue to be shed into the environment. This environmental passage itself may alter CWD prions or exert selective pressures on CWD strain mixtures by interactions with soil, which are known to vary with prion strain (25), or exposure to environmental or gut degradation.
Given that prion disease in humans can be difficult to diagnose and the asymptomatic incubation period can last decades, continued research, epidemiologic surveillance, and caution in handling risky material remain prudent as CWD continues to spread and the opportunity for interspecies transmission increases. Otherwise, similar to what occurred in the United Kingdom after detection of variant CJD and its subsequent link to BSE, years of prevention could be lost if zoonotic transmission of CWD is subsequently identified,
SNIP...
*** Chronic Wasting Disease CWD CDC REPORT MARCH 2012 ***
Saturday, February 18, 2012
Occurrence, Transmission, and Zoonotic Potential of Chronic Wasting Disease
CDC Volume 18, Number 3—March 2012
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ahead-of-print/article/18/3/11-0685_article.htm
see much more here ;
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/occurrence-transmission-and-zoonotic.html
Thursday, February 09, 2012
50 GAME FARMS IN USA INFECTED WITH CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/50-game-farms-to-date-in-usa-infected.html
and when these game farms claim they are testing, and everything is o.k., think again...
Saturday, February 04, 2012
Wisconsin 16 age limit on testing dead deer Game Farm CWD Testing Protocol Needs To Be Revised
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/wisconsin-16-age-limit-on-testing-dead.html
Thursday, February 09, 2012
Colorado Farm-Raised Deer Farms and CWD there from 2012 report Singeltary et al
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/colorado-farm-raised-deer-farms-and-cwd.html
Monday, February 13, 2012
Stop White-tailed Deer Farming from Destroying Tennessee’s Priceless Wild Deer Herd oppose HB3164
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/stop-white-tailed-deer-farming-from.html
Tuesday, February 14, 2012
Oppose Indiana House Bill 1265 game farming cervids
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/oppose-indiana-house-bill-1265-game.html
Wednesday, February 15, 2012
West Virginia Deer Farming Bill backed by deer farmers advances, why ? BE WARNED CWD
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/west-virginia-deer-farming-bill-backed.html
Sunday, January 22, 2012
Chronic Wasting Disease CWD cervids interspecies transmission
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/01/chronic-wasting-disease-cwd-cervids.html
Thursday, January 26, 2012
The Risk of Prion Zoonoses
Science 27 January 2012: Vol. 335 no. 6067 pp. 411-413 DOI: 10.1126/science.1218167
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2012/01/risk-of-prion-zoonoses.html
Thursday, January 26, 2012
Facilitated Cross-Species Transmission of Prions in Extraneural Tissue
Science 27 January 2012: Vol. 335 no. 6067 pp. 472-475 DOI: 10.1126/science.1215659
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2012/01/facilitated-cross-species-transmission.html
Tuesday, February 14, 2012
White House budget proposes cuts to ag programs including TSE PRION disease aka mad cow type disease
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2012/02/white-house-budget-proposes-cuts-to-ag.html
National Wildlife Health Center
Open-File Report 2012–1036
U.S.
Enhanced Surveillance Strategies for Detecting and Monitoring Chronic Wasting Disease in Free-Ranging Cervids
snip...
In addition to locations of known CWD-positive individuals, other spatial risk factors related to CWD exposure should be considered. For example, the risk of free-ranging animals being exposed to CWD is likely greater in areas where captive cervid facilities have or had CWD-positive animals. Current evidence indicates that CWD infection rates are much higher in captive facilities than in wild populations (Keane and others, 2008), and perhaps this is driven by environmental contamination (Miller and others, 2006). This higher rate of infection in captive animals can increase the risk of disease exposure to surrounding wild populations. Furthermore, movement of infectious animals, carcasses, or other materials across the landscape, naturally or with human assistance, likely increases the risk to uninfected populations. The frequent movement of farmed elk (Cervus elaphus) and deer between production facilities, the concentration of infected animals on some facilities, and the possibility of their escape into the wild increases the risk of spreading CWD to uninfected populations of free-ranging animals. Because the infectious prions may persist in the environment for long periods, the introduction of either captive or free-ranging uninfected animals into a contaminated environment could increase their risk of infection. For example, locations from which sheep have been removed may remain contaminated with scrapie agent for more than 15 years (Georgsson and others, 2006). ...
snip...see full text ;
Saturday, March 10, 2012
Enhanced Surveillance Strategies for Detecting and Monitoring Chronic Wasting Disease in Free-Ranging Cervids Open-File Report 2012–1036 National Wildlife Health Center
Open-File Report 2012–1036
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/03/enhanced-surveillance-strategies-for.html
a few things to consider please. one, CWD has already been transmitted to many cattle in the lab (86% in one study). the oral route would have a much longer incubation period, but we already know that CWD will transmit back to cervids via the oral route, very efficiently. the threat of spreading CWD via close contact, like at feeding grounds is great. every bit of science to date shows this. so to congregate deer together by unnatural means is not smart in my opinion. another fear has come to pass as well, another strain of CWD, yes a second strain. and just recently science has shown that a natural case of BSE has been transmitted to a GOAT. These findings demonstrate that when CWD is directly inoculated into the brain of cattle, 86% of inoculated cattle develop clinical signs of the disease.
http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publications.htm?seq_no_115=194089
UPDATED CORRESPONDENCE FROM AUTHORS OF THIS STUDY I.E. COLBY, PRUSINER ET AL, ABOUT MY CONCERNS OF THE DISCREPANCY BETWEEN THEIR FIGURES AND MY FIGURES OF THE STUDIES ON CWD TRANSMISSION TO CATTLE ;
----- Original Message -----
From: David Colby
To: flounder9@verizon.net
Cc: stanley@XXXXXXXX
Sent: Tuesday, March 01, 2011 8:25 AM
Subject: Re: FW: re-Prions David W. Colby1,* and Stanley B. Prusiner1,2 + Author Affiliations
Dear Terry Singeltary,
Thank you for your correspondence regarding the review article Stanley Prusiner and I recently wrote for Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives. Dr. Prusiner asked that I reply to your message due to his busy schedule. We agree that the transmission of CWD prions to beef livestock would be a troubling development and assessing that risk is important. In our article, we cite a peer-reviewed publication reporting confirmed cases of laboratory transmission based on stringent criteria. The less stringent criteria for transmission described in the abstract you refer to lead to the discrepancy between your numbers and ours and thus the interpretation of the transmission rate. We stand by our assessment of the literature--namely that the transmission rate of CWD to bovines appears relatively low, but we recognize that even a low transmission rate could have important implications for public health and we thank you for bringing attention to this matter.
Warm Regards, David Colby
--
David Colby, PhDAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Delaware
====================END...TSS==============
SNIP...SEE FULL TEXT ;
http://betaamyloidcjd.blogspot.com/2011/01/enlarging-spectrum-of-prion-like.html
UPDATED DATA ON 2ND CWD STRAIN
Wednesday, September 08, 2010
CWD PRION CONGRESS SEPTEMBER 8-11 2010
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2010/09/cwd-prion-2010.html
Wednesday, November 16, 2011
Wisconsin Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease, CWD, TSE, PRION REPORTING 2011
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2011/11/wisconsin-creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-cwd.html
Sunday, November 13, 2011
COLORADO CWD CJD TSE PRION REPORTING 2011
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2011/11/colorado-cwd-cjd-tse-prion-reporting.html
PLUS, THE CDC DID NOT PUT THIS WARNING OUT FOR THE WELL BEING OF THE DEER AND ELK ;
Thursday, May 26, 2011
Travel History, Hunting, and Venison Consumption Related to Prion Disease Exposure, 2006-2007 FoodNet Population Survey
Journal of the American Dietetic Association Volume 111, Issue 6 , Pages 858-863, June 2011.
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2011/05/travel-history-hunting-and-venison.html
NOR IS THE FDA recalling this CWD positive elk meat for the well being of the dead elk ;
Wednesday, March 18, 2009
Noah's Ark Holding, LLC, Dawson, MN RECALL Elk products contain meat derived from an elk confirmed to have CWD NV, CA, TX, CO, NY, UT, FL, OK RECALLS AND FIELD CORRECTIONS: FOODS CLASS II
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2009/03/noahs-ark-holding-llc-dawson-mn-recall.html
now, let’s see what the authors said about this casual link, personal communications years ago. see where it is stated NO STRONG evidence. so, does this mean there IS casual evidence ????
“Our conclusion stating that we found no strong evidence of CWD transmission to humans”
From: TSS (216-119-163-189.ipset45.wt.net)
Subject: CWD aka MAD DEER/ELK TO HUMANS ???
Date: September 30, 2002 at 7:06 am PST
From: "Belay, Ermias"
To:
Cc: "Race, Richard (NIH)" ; ; "Belay, Ermias"
Sent: Monday, September 30, 2002 9:22 AM
Subject: RE: TO CDC AND NIH - PUB MED- 3 MORE DEATHS - CWD - YOUNG HUNTERS
Dear Sir/Madam,
In the Archives of Neurology you quoted (the abstract of which was attached to your email), we did not say CWD in humans will present like variant CJD.
That assumption would be wrong. I encourage you to read the whole article and call me if you have questions or need more clarification (phone: 404-639-3091).
Also, we do not claim that "no-one has ever been infected with prion disease from eating venison."
Our conclusion stating that we found no strong evidence of CWD transmission to humans in the article you quoted or in any other forum is limited to the patients we investigated.
Ermias Belay, M.D. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
-----Original Message-----
From:
Sent: Sunday, September 29, 2002 10:15 AM
To: rr26k@nih.gov; rrace@niaid.nih.gov; ebb8@CDC.GOV
Subject: TO CDC AND NIH - PUB MED- 3 MORE DEATHS - CWD - YOUNG HUNTERS
Sunday, November 10, 2002 6:26 PM ......snip........end..............TSS
Thursday, April 03, 2008
A prion disease of cervids: Chronic wasting disease
2008 1: Vet Res. 2008 Apr 3;39(4):41
A prion disease of cervids: Chronic wasting disease
Sigurdson CJ.
snip...
*** twenty-seven CJD patients who regularly consumed venison were reported to the Surveillance Center***,
snip...
full text ;
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2008/04/prion-disease-of-cervids-chronic.html
CJD9/10022
October 1994
Mr R.N. Elmhirst Chairman British Deer Farmers Association Holly Lodge Spencers Lane BerksWell Coventry CV7 7BZ
Dear Mr Elmhirst,
CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE (CJD) SURVEILLANCE UNIT REPORT
Thank you for your recent letter concerning the publication of the third annual report from the CJD Surveillance Unit. I am sorry that you are dissatisfied with the way in which this report was published.
The Surveillance Unit is a completely independant outside body and the Department of Health is committed to publishing their reports as soon as they become available. In the circumstances it is not the practice to circulate the report for comment since the findings of the report would not be amended. In future we can ensure that the British Deer Farmers Association receives a copy of the report in advance of publication.
The Chief Medical Officer has undertaken to keep the public fully informed of the results of any research in respect of CJD. This report was entirely the work of the unit and was produced completely independantly of the the Department.
The statistical results reqarding the consumption of venison was put into perspective in the body of the report and was not mentioned at all in the press release. Media attention regarding this report was low key but gave a realistic presentation of the statistical findings of the Unit. This approach to publication was successful in that consumption of venison was highlighted only once by the media ie. in the News at one television proqramme.
I believe that a further statement about the report, or indeed statistical links between CJD and consumption of venison, would increase, and quite possibly give damaging credence, to the whole issue. From the low key media reports of which I am aware it seems unlikely that venison consumption will suffer adversely, if at all.
http://web.archive.org/web/20030511010117/http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1994/10/00003001.pdf
THIRD CJD REPORT UK 1994
snip...
Consumption of venison and veal was much less widespread among both cases and controls. For both of these meats, there was evidence of a trend with increasing frequency of consumption being associated with increasing risk of CJD. These associations were largely unchanged when attention was restricted to pairs with data obtained from relatives. ...
http://www.cjd.ed.ac.uk/Archive%20reports/report3.pdf
THE REASON these deer game farmers are so thrilled the USDA is taking over the DNR on deer game farms, and any CWD or CJD there from. from here on out, it’s about nothing but money $$$ the USDA will make sure of that...
just remember what it will cost the state when you find another CWD positive, and on a game farm, besides what it will do to your wild herds.
SEE WHAT _one_ CWD INFECTED GAME FARM IN WISCONSIN COST THE STATE, for years, and years, and years to come $$$
The CWD infection rate was nearly 80%, the highest ever in a North American captive herd.
Despite the five year premise plan and site decontamination, The WI DNR has concerns over the bioavailability of infectious prions at this site to wild white-tail deer should these fences be removed. Current research indicates that prions can persist in soil for a minimum of 3 years.
However, Georgsson et al. (2006) concluded that prions that produced scrapie disease in sheep remained bioavailable and infectious for at least 16 years in natural Icelandic environments, most likely in contaminated soil.
Additionally, the authors reported that from 1978-2004, scrapie recurred on 33 sheep farms, of which 9 recurrences occurred 14-21 years after initial culling and subsequent restocking efforts; these findings further emphasize the effect of environmental contamination on sustaining TSE infectivity and that long-term persistence of prions in soils may be substantially greater than previously thought.
snip...
SUMMARY: The Department has obtained on agreement to purchase 80 acres of land from Patricia Casey for $465,000 for the Statewide Wildlife Habitat program, In Portage County, The item is being submitted because the price exceeds the appraised value of $371,000 and because the Department will prohibit Nature-Based Outdoor Activities on the land.
The properly is located in south central Portage County about 12 miles southeast of Plover in the Town of Almond. The property, which includes a single family residence, a metal building, and a storage shed, was operated us a deer farm until 2006 at which time it was closed down because of an outbreak of chronic wasting disease (CWD). All the deer in the operation were destroyed and the operation has stood vacant for the last 5 years per U .S. Dcpnrtmeut of Agriculture requirements. During this time and until May 24, 2011, the fences around this facility must be maintained and the premise cannot be used as a deer farm, though other animals such ns cattle and horses would be permitted. After May 24, all such restrictions will expire. This site, known as the Hall Farm, had the highest prevalence of CWO positive deer recorded at any deer farm in North America.
Based on available science, the Department believes that there is an unacceptable potential risk of exposure to CWD causing prions to wild cervids in this area should the premise fencing be removed. To minimize this risk, the Department believes that the fences should remain intact and in place until science can demonstrate that there is no longer any potential risk. After extensive consideration of several options, the Department maintains that the purchase and subsequent management of the properly and fences is the only realistic option.
The Department proposes to prohibit all public use of the property in order to ensure confinement and control of contaminated soils and limit any potential spread of Chronic Wasting Disease from the property to surrounding lands and wild deer populations and to allow for research of prions and prion related diseases such as Chronic Wasting Disease. The property is currently surrounded by a deer fence and removal of that fence to allow public use, or public use of any form inside the fenced area would be incompatible with the primary purpose of acquiring the properly. The Department has determined that it is necessary to prohibit all public access on the site to accommodate the Department's primary purpose for the acquisition and its Intended use of the property for research and wildlife management.
Acquisition of this properly will minimize any potential risk to local cervids from the CWD causing prions that may exist within the fenced area. The Department will consider sale of the house at a later date if local zoning can be modified for a lot size that would not contain contaminated soil. State ownership will allow the Department to maintain the deer proof fence, thereby protecting wild deer from CWD infection from the contaminated soil on this former deer farm.
RECOMMENDATION: That the Board approve the purchase of 80 acres of land for $465,000 for the Statewide Wildlife Habitat Program in Portage County and approve the restrictions on public use of the site.
snip...see full text and much more here ;
http://dnr.wi.gov/org/nrboard/2011/december/12-11-2b2.pdf
SNIP...SEE FULL TEXT ;
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2011/12/chronic-wasting-disease-cwd-wisconsin.html
Thursday, February 09, 2012
50 GAME FARMS IN USA INFECTED WITH CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/50-game-farms-to-date-in-usa-infected.html
Saturday, February 04, 2012
Wisconsin 16 age limit on testing dead deer Game Farm CWD Testing Protocol Needs To Be Revised
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/wisconsin-16-age-limit-on-testing-dead.html
and it’s anyone’s guess with the sub-clinical deer and elk with CWD...
indicating that subclinical scrapie infection is likely to be a common occurrence. The significance of positive sPMCA reactions was confirmed by the transmission of infectivity in buccal swab extracts to Tg338 mice, illustrating the likely importance of orally available prions in the horizontal transmission of scrapie.
http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/content/short/JVI.05579-11v1
Yet, it has to be noted that our assessments of PrPTSE levels in skeletal muscles were based on findings in presumably pre- or subclinically infected animals. Therefore, the concentration of PrPTSE in skeletal muscles of WTD with clinically manifest CWD may possibly exceed our estimate which refers to clinically inconspicuous animals that are more likely to enter the human food chain. Our tissue blot findings in skeletal muscles from CWD-infected WTD would be consistent with an anterograde spread of CWD prions via motor nerve fibres to muscle tissue (figure 4A). Similar neural spreading pathways of muscle infection were previously found in hamsters orally challenged with scrapie [28] and suggested by the detection of PrPTSE in muscle fibres and muscle-associated nerve fascicles of clinically-ill non-human primates challenged with BSE prions [29]. Whether the absence of detectable PrPTSE in myofibers observed in our study is a specific feature of CWD in WTD, or was due to a pre- or subclinical stage of infection in the examined animals, remains to be established. In any case, our observations support previous findings suggesting the precautionary prevention of muscle tissue from CWD-infected WTD in the human diet, and highlight the need to comprehensively elucidate of whether CWD may be transmissible to humans. While the understanding of TSEs in cervids has made substantial progress during the past few years, the assessment and management of risks possibly emanating from prions in skeletal muscles of CWD-infected cervids requires further research.
Citation: Daus ML, Breyer J, Wagenfuehr K, Wemheuer WM, Thomzig A, et al. (2011) Presence and Seeding Activity of Pathological Prion Protein (PrPTSE) in Skeletal Muscles of White-Tailed Deer Infected with Chronic Wasting Disease. PLoS ONE 6(4): e18345. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018345
Editor: Jason Bartz, Creighton University, United States of America
Received: December 17, 2010; Accepted: March 1, 2011; Published: April 1, 2011
Copyright: © 2011 Daus et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Funding: The study was sponsored by the Alberta Prion Research Institute (APRI, www.prioninstitute.ca), and the study was carried out within the APRI-sponsored research project “Comprehensive risk assessment of Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) transmission to humans using non-human primates”. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
* E-mail: BeekesM@rki.de
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0018345
Monday, March 19, 2012
Infectivity in Skeletal Muscle of Cattle with Atypical Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
PLoS One. 2012; 7(2): e31449.
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2012/03/infectivity-in-skeletal-muscle-of.html
ONE FINAL THOUGHT ON CWD IN MICHIGAN AND SENATE BILL 27, the USDA and or APHIS et al, do NOT care about subclinical TSE prion disease. ALL THEY CARE ABOUT is trade $$$
Sunday, March 11, 2012
APHIS Proposes New Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Import Regulations in Line with International Animal Health Standards Proposal Aims to Ensure Health of the U.S. Beef Herd, Assist in Negotiations
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2012/03/aphis-proposes-new-bovine-spongiform.html
Thursday, February 23, 2012
EIGHT FORMER SECRETARIES OF AGRICULTURE SPEAKING AT USDA'S 2012 AGRICULTURE OUTLOOK FORUM INDUCTED INTO USA MAD COW HALL OF SHAME
http://madcowusda.blogspot.com/2012/02/eight-former-secretaries-of-agriculture.html
Saturday, March 5, 2011
MAD COW ATYPICAL CJD PRION TSE CASES WITH CLASSIFICATIONS PENDING ON THE RISE IN NORTH AMERICA
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2011/03/mad-cow-atypical-cjd-prion-tse-cases.html
Sunday, August 21, 2011
The British disease, or a disease gone global, The TSE Prion Disease
(see video here)
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2011/08/british-disease-or-disease-gone-global.html
Sunday, February 12, 2012
National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Center Cases Examined1 (August 19, 2011) including Texas
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2012/02/national-prion-disease-pathology.html
kind regards, terry
layperson
Terry S. Singeltary Sr.
P.O. Box 42
Bacliff, Texas USA 77518
flounder9@verion.net
Sent: Wednesday, March 21, 2012 10:00 PM
To: govscheduling@michigan.gov
Cc: jcobb@senate.michigan.gov ; mhart@senate.michigan.gov ; SenRichardville@senate.michigan.gov ; SenJBrandenburg@senate.michigan.gov ; SenBCaswell@senate.michigan.gov ; SenPColbeck@senate.michigan.gov ; SenDHildenbrand@senate.michigan.gov ; SenJHune@senate.michigan.gov ; senmjansen@senate.michigan.gov ; SenRJones@senate.michigan.gov ; senrkahn@senate.michigan.gov ; SenMKowall@senate.michigan.gov ; jimmarleau@senate.michigan.gov ; SenAMeekhof@senate.michigan.gov ; TSchuitmaker@senate.michigan.gov ; senmnofs@senate.michigan.gov ; SenJProos@senate.michigan.gov ; SenDRobertson@senate.michigan.gov ; SenHWalker@senate.michigan.gov ; DNR-Wildlife@michigan.gov ; DNR-Wildlife@michigan.gov ; charlesbrunner@house.mi.gov ; stacyerwinoakes@house.mi.gov ; albertatalabi@house.mi.gov ; marciahoveywright@house.mi.gov ; katesegal@house.mi.gov ; charlessmiley@house.mi.gov
Subject: MICHIGAN SENATE BILL 27 TURNS OVER GAME FARMS and CWD RISK FACTORS THERE FROM, TO DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE $
Greetings Honorable Governor Snyder, Senators, and MICHIGAN HUNTERS ET AL, please be advised ;
MICHIGAN SENATE BILL 27 TURNS OVER GAME FARMS and CWD RISK FACTORS THERE FROM, TO DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE $
Greetings Governor Snyder, Senators, and MICHIGAN HUNTERS ET AL, please be advised ;
16 ( g ) ‘’Department’’ means the Michigan department of natural
17 resources AGRICULTURE.
18 ( h ) ‘’Director’’ means the director of the Michigan department
19 of natural resources AGRICULTURE or his or her designee.
SENATE BILL No. 27
January 19, 2011, Introduced by Senator HANSEN and referred to the Committee on Agriculture.
A bill to amend 2000 PA 190, entitled
"Privately owned cervidae producers marketing act,"
by amending sections 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 10 (MCL 287.952, 287.953,
287.954, 287.956, 287.957, and 287.960), as amended by 2006 PA 561.
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN ENACT:
SENATE BILL No. 27
January 19, 2011, Introduced by Senator HANSEN and referred to the Committee on Agriculture.
A bill to amend 2000 PA 190, entitled
"Privately owned cervidae producers marketing act,"
by amending sections 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 10 (MCL 287.952, 287.953,
287.954, 287.956, 287.957, and 287.960), as amended by 2006 PA 561.
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN ENACT:
1 Sec. 2. As used in this act:
2 (a) "Business plan" means a written document of intent that a
3 person submits to the department that defines the methods,
4 protocols, or procedures that the person intends on implementing to
5 be in compliance with this act.
6 (b) "Biosecurity" means measures, actions, or precautions
7 taken to prevent the transmission of disease in, among, or between
2
00374'11 LBO
free-ranging and privately 1 owned cervidae species.
2 (c) "Cervidae livestock facility" means a privately owned
3 cervidae livestock operation on privately controlled lands capable
4 of holding cervidae species.
5 (d) "Cervidae livestock operation" means an operation that
6 contains 1 or more privately owned cervidae species involving the
7 producing, growing, propagating, using, harvesting, transporting,
8 exporting, importing, or marketing of cervidae species or cervidae
9 products under an appropriate registration.
10 (e) "Cervidae products" means any products, co-products, or
11 by-products of cervidae, including antler, antler velvet, meat, or
12 any part of the animal.
13 (f) "Cervidae species" means members of the cervidae family
14 including, but not limited to, deer, elk, moose, reindeer, and
15 caribou.
MICHIGAN HUNTERS ET AL, please be advised ;
16 ( g ) ‘’Department’’ means the Michigan department of natural
17 resources AGRICULTURE.
18 ( h ) ‘’Director’’ means the director of the Michigan department
19 of natural resources AGRICULTURE or his or her designee.
END...TSS
http://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/2011-2012/billintroduced/Senate/pdf/2011-SIB-0027.pdf
YOU can send your thank you notes for risking Michigans wild deer herd to CWD to Senator Goeffrey Hansen ;
Senate Bill 0027 (2011)
Sponsor Goeffrey Hansen
Categories Agriculture, animals; Animals, game; State agencies (existing), natural resources and environment; State agencies (existing), agriculture
Agriculture; animals; transfer of regulatory responsibility from department of natural resources and environment to department of agriculture; provide for. Amends secs. 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 & 10 of 2000 PA 190 (MCL 287.952 et seq.).
Bill Document Formatting Information [x] The following bill formatting applies to the 2011-2012 session: - New language in an amendatory bill will be shown in BOLD AND UPPERCASE. - Language to be removed will be stricken. - Amendments made by the House will be blue with square brackets, such as: [House amended text]. - Amendments made by the Senate will be red with double greater/lesser than symbols, such as: <
http://www.legislature.mi.gov/(S(y5jfo5550cvn0a55odr3k545))/mileg.aspx?page=GetObject&objectname=2011-SB-0027
Senate Bill 27 (Substitute S-1 as reported) Sponsor: Senator Goeff Hansen Committee: Agriculture Date Completed: 6-6-11
RATIONALE
The Privately Owned Cervidae Producers Marketing Act was enacted in 2000 to provide for the regulation of cervidae livestock operations, where animals such as deer and elk are raised or held in captivity. At the same time, legislation removed privately owned cervidae from regulation as game by the Department of Natural Resources (DNR). Cervid livestock operations range from small farms where the animals are bred, to large ranches where they are hunted. Originally, the Michigan Department of Agriculture (MDA) was responsible for administering the Act. In an effort to prevent the spread of Chronic Wasting Disease, former Governor Granholm transferred regulatory functions to the DNR via Executive Order 2004-03, and statutory amendments enacted in 2006 reflect this change. While the DNR is responsible for such activities as registering facilities, inspecting enclosures, and enforcing standards, the MDA remains responsible for ensuring animal health, particularly through testing. Some people believe that returning regulatory authority to the MDA (now called the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development) would be consistent with the Department's agriculture-related mission. CONTENT
http://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/2011-2012/billanalysis/Senate/pdf/2011-SFA-0027-A.pdf
Greetings Michigan hunters et al,
I strenuously urge the Good Governor of Michigan, to read carefully, the science, and history of CWD in game farms, and the risk factors there from that the CDC just put out.
first my comment on why I think the department of agriculture is a bad choice to manage game farms. ...
USDA VS DNR
from a TSE Prion aka mad cow disease point of regulatory efforts, the USDA et al fumbled, bumbled, lost the football so many times, well, see for yourself. there is too much evidence to post here, for those interested, please see below, these links will lead you to that evidence. in short, the USDA (USA) had the gold card for trading, and boasted all the time about it, up and until that fateful day in Dec. of 2003. all things changed, you see, the gold card consisted of the USDA being able to corner the markets. simply because the USDA never intended to find any BSE with the infamous, enhanced, 2004 BSE surveillance program. from day one that program was set up to fail, and the BSE Harvard Risk assessment proved this. from bumbled testing protocols where you never would have a positive, only testing one part of the brain, with only the less sensitive testing, or, where the gosh darn guy collecting the suspect mad cow brains for the USDA to be tested, IS BRINGING ONLY HEALTHY BRAINS TO BE TESTED, to a failed BSE feed ban. the august 4, 1997, partial and voluntary mad cow feed ban was nothing but ink on paper. where as late as 10 years after said mad cow feed ban, some 10,000,000 pounds of suspect, banned, mad cow feed was fed out in commerce, where today, said feed ban still fails. remember .005 grams of BSE TSE prion tainted feed, is enough to kill a small herd of cows. from that Washington mad cow old dave capped, to the 1st documented mad cow in Texas they covered up i.e. stumbling and staggering highly suspect mad cow that officials in Austin made the final decision to rush that madcow to the render, to be chopped up for pet food, BEFORE ANY TEST COULD BE DONE. next mad cow in Texas, i.e. the infamous FONG madcow ............maybe flounder’s MADCOW too, that stumbling and staggering mad cow...went missing in action for a bit. I confirmed it some 7 months before myself and others finally got the USDA to confirm that madcow via Weybridge, and literally, an act of Congress, thanks to the Honorable Phyllis Fong of the OIG, and some scientist around the world...and me too...really, that’s my dang madcow. 7 months later, and after the gosh darn USDA during this 7 months, where that texas madcow tissue samples sat up on a shelf, or in a freezer, for the BSE MRR to be ratified. and it was. this made legal, the trading of all strains of TSE Prion mad cow disease to be traded globally, the Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Minimal Risk Region i.e. BSE MRR. IT did away with the Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Geographical Risk Assessments i.e BSE GBR. the BSE GBR was set forth with real science put forth, the BSE MRR was junk science, set up for trade $$$ you see, humans are expendable, due to the long incubation period. a few body bags will not matter. but they are slowly mounting, and the huge human health risk factor here is the iatrogenic aspect, i.e. friendly fire, pass it forward mode, i.e. blood, tissue, surgery, dental, that’s when all this becomes every persons problem. see correspondence between myself and TAHC. well, from there we go to Alabama. now, the Washington madcow was supposedly a Canadian mad cow sent to the USA. the USA and Canada traded cattle, livestock, feed, byproducts, like two lovers swapping spit. The Washington Canadian/USA madcow was a typical c-BSE madcow. Now, the second madcow in Texas, the one they finally decided to test after 7+ months, of a 48 hour confirmation turn around, so the BSE MRR policy could be ratified, was an atypical h-BSE madcow. moooving right along to the Alabama mad cow. the Alabama madcow was a strange type, it was atypical g-h-BSE i.e. genetic h-type atypical BSE. this is important, in the fact this cow matches exactly with the rising subtype of sporadic CJD in humans, what I call tpsCJD type pending sporadic CJD. right after that, the USDA decided to shut testing down to numbers so small (OIE standards), the odds of finding a madcow is nil. I am telling you, whether you want to hear it or not, North America, we have a problem, and the problem is slowly catching up with us $$$ really...
I would kindly and respectfully urge all of you to read the most up to date science on the Chronic Wasting Disease CWD and GAME FARMS.
The CDC just released a paper on the concern of these game farms and CWD, and also CWD to humans risk factor update.
I kindly urge you to look at the map ;
which came first, the cart or the horse ;
Minnesota
CAPTIVE CWD CONFIRMED 2002
FREE RANGING CWD CONFIRMED 2011
Colorado
Captive CWD discovered 1967
Free ranging CWD discovered 1981
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/18/3/11-0685-f1.htm
PLEASE STUDY THIS MAP !
SEE CWD MAP, RELATE TO DATES OF GAME FARM INFECTION, TO DATE OF INFECTION RATE IN WILD, SURROUNDING SAID INFECTED GAME FARMS. ...TSS
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/18/3/11-0685-f1.htm
*** Chronic Wasting Disease CWD CDC REPORT MARCH 2012 ***
Saturday, February 18, 2012
Occurrence, Transmission, and Zoonotic Potential of Chronic Wasting Disease
CDC Volume 18, Number 3—March 2012
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ahead-of-print/article/18/3/11-0685_article.htm
SNIP...
Long-term effects of CWD on cervid populations and ecosystems remain unclear as the disease continues to spread and prevalence increases. In captive herds, CWD might persist at high levels and lead to complete herd destruction in the absence of human culling. Epidemiologic modeling suggests the disease could have severe effects on free-ranging deer populations, depending on hunting policies and environmental persistence (8,9). CWD has been associated with large decreases in free-ranging mule deer populations in an area of high CWD prevalence (Boulder, Colorado, USA) (5).
SNIP...
CWD Zoonotic Potential, Species Barriers, and Strains
Current Understanding of the CWD Species Barrier
Strong evidence of zoonotic transmission of BSE to humans has led to concerns about zoonotic transmission of CWD (2,3). As noted above, CWD prions are present nearly ubiquitously throughout diseased hosts, including in muscle, fat, various glands and organs, antler velvet, and peripheral and CNS tissue (2,14,15). Thus, the potential for human exposure to CWD by handling and consumption of infectious cervid material is substantial and increases with increased disease prevalence.
Interspecies transmission of prion diseases often yields a species-barrier effect, in which transmission is less efficient compared with intraspecies transmission, as shown by lower attack rates and extended incubation periods (3,28). The species barrier effect is associated with minor differences in PrPc sequence and structure between the host and target species (3). Prion strain (discussed below) and route of inoculation also affect the species barrier (3,28). For instance, interspecies transmission by intracerebral inoculation is often possible but oral challenge is completely ineffective (29).
Most epidemiologic studies and experimental work have suggested that the potential for CWD transmission to humans is low, and such transmission has not been documented through ongoing surveillance (2,3). In vitro prion replication assays report a relatively low efficiency of CWD PrPSc-directed conversion of human PrPc to PrPSc (30), and transgenic mice overexpressing human PrPc are resistant to CWD infection (31); these findings indicate low zoonotic potential. However, squirrel monkeys are susceptible to CWD by intracerebral and oral inoculation (32). Cynomolgus macaques, which are evolutionarily closer to humans than squirrel monkeys, are resistant to CWD infection (32). Regardless, the finding that a primate is orally susceptible to CWD is of concern.
Interspecies transmission of CWD to noncervids has not been observed under natural conditions. CWD infection of carcass scavengers such as raccoons, opossums, and coyotes was not observed in a recent study in Wisconsin (22). In addition, natural transmission of CWD to cattle has not been observed in experimentally controlled natural exposure studies or targeted surveillance (2). However, CWD has been experimentally transmitted to cattle, sheep, goats, mink, ferrets, voles, and mice by intracerebral inoculation (2,29,33).
CWD is likely transmitted among mule, white-tailed deer, and elk without a major species barrier (1), and other members of the cervid family, including reindeer, caribou, and other species of deer worldwide, may be vulnerable to CWD infection. Black-tailed deer (a subspecies of mule deer) and European red deer (Cervus elaphus) are susceptible to CWD by natural routes of infection (1,34). Fallow deer (Dama dama) are susceptible to CWD by intracerebral inoculation (35). Continued study of CWD susceptibility in other cervids is of considerable interest.
Reasons for Caution
There are several reasons for caution with respect to zoonotic and interspecies CWD transmission. First, there is strong evidence that distinct CWD strains exist (36). Prion strains are distinguished by varied incubation periods, clinical symptoms, PrPSc conformations, and CNS PrPSc depositions (3,32). Strains have been identified in other natural prion diseases, including scrapie, BSE, and CJD (3). Intraspecies and interspecies transmission of prions from CWD-positive deer and elk isolates resulted in identification of >2 strains of CWD in rodent models (36), indicating that CWD strains likely exist in cervids. However, nothing is currently known about natural distribution and prevalence of CWD strains. Currently, host range and pathogenicity vary with prion strain (28,37). Therefore, zoonotic potential of CWD may also vary with CWD strain. In addition, diversity in host (cervid) and target (e.g., human) genotypes further complicates definitive findings of zoonotic and interspecies transmission potentials of CWD.
Intraspecies and interspecies passage of the CWD agent may also increase the risk for zoonotic CWD transmission. The CWD prion agent is undergoing serial passage naturally as the disease continues to emerge. In vitro and in vivo intraspecies transmission of the CWD agent yields PrPSc with an increased capacity to convert human PrPc to PrPSc (30). Interspecies prion transmission can alter CWD host range (38) and yield multiple novel prion strains (3,28). The potential for interspecies CWD transmission (by cohabitating mammals) will only increase as the disease spreads and CWD prions continue to be shed into the environment. This environmental passage itself may alter CWD prions or exert selective pressures on CWD strain mixtures by interactions with soil, which are known to vary with prion strain (25), or exposure to environmental or gut degradation.
Given that prion disease in humans can be difficult to diagnose and the asymptomatic incubation period can last decades, continued research, epidemiologic surveillance, and caution in handling risky material remain prudent as CWD continues to spread and the opportunity for interspecies transmission increases. Otherwise, similar to what occurred in the United Kingdom after detection of variant CJD and its subsequent link to BSE, years of prevention could be lost if zoonotic transmission of CWD is subsequently identified,
SNIP...
*** Chronic Wasting Disease CWD CDC REPORT MARCH 2012 ***
Saturday, February 18, 2012
Occurrence, Transmission, and Zoonotic Potential of Chronic Wasting Disease
CDC Volume 18, Number 3—March 2012
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ahead-of-print/article/18/3/11-0685_article.htm
see much more here ;
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/occurrence-transmission-and-zoonotic.html
Thursday, February 09, 2012
50 GAME FARMS IN USA INFECTED WITH CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/50-game-farms-to-date-in-usa-infected.html
and when these game farms claim they are testing, and everything is o.k., think again...
Saturday, February 04, 2012
Wisconsin 16 age limit on testing dead deer Game Farm CWD Testing Protocol Needs To Be Revised
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/wisconsin-16-age-limit-on-testing-dead.html
Thursday, February 09, 2012
Colorado Farm-Raised Deer Farms and CWD there from 2012 report Singeltary et al
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/colorado-farm-raised-deer-farms-and-cwd.html
Monday, February 13, 2012
Stop White-tailed Deer Farming from Destroying Tennessee’s Priceless Wild Deer Herd oppose HB3164
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/stop-white-tailed-deer-farming-from.html
Tuesday, February 14, 2012
Oppose Indiana House Bill 1265 game farming cervids
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/oppose-indiana-house-bill-1265-game.html
Wednesday, February 15, 2012
West Virginia Deer Farming Bill backed by deer farmers advances, why ? BE WARNED CWD
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/west-virginia-deer-farming-bill-backed.html
Sunday, January 22, 2012
Chronic Wasting Disease CWD cervids interspecies transmission
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/01/chronic-wasting-disease-cwd-cervids.html
Thursday, January 26, 2012
The Risk of Prion Zoonoses
Science 27 January 2012: Vol. 335 no. 6067 pp. 411-413 DOI: 10.1126/science.1218167
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2012/01/risk-of-prion-zoonoses.html
Thursday, January 26, 2012
Facilitated Cross-Species Transmission of Prions in Extraneural Tissue
Science 27 January 2012: Vol. 335 no. 6067 pp. 472-475 DOI: 10.1126/science.1215659
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2012/01/facilitated-cross-species-transmission.html
Tuesday, February 14, 2012
White House budget proposes cuts to ag programs including TSE PRION disease aka mad cow type disease
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2012/02/white-house-budget-proposes-cuts-to-ag.html
National Wildlife Health Center
Open-File Report 2012–1036
U.S.
Enhanced Surveillance Strategies for Detecting and Monitoring Chronic Wasting Disease in Free-Ranging Cervids
snip...
In addition to locations of known CWD-positive individuals, other spatial risk factors related to CWD exposure should be considered. For example, the risk of free-ranging animals being exposed to CWD is likely greater in areas where captive cervid facilities have or had CWD-positive animals. Current evidence indicates that CWD infection rates are much higher in captive facilities than in wild populations (Keane and others, 2008), and perhaps this is driven by environmental contamination (Miller and others, 2006). This higher rate of infection in captive animals can increase the risk of disease exposure to surrounding wild populations. Furthermore, movement of infectious animals, carcasses, or other materials across the landscape, naturally or with human assistance, likely increases the risk to uninfected populations. The frequent movement of farmed elk (Cervus elaphus) and deer between production facilities, the concentration of infected animals on some facilities, and the possibility of their escape into the wild increases the risk of spreading CWD to uninfected populations of free-ranging animals. Because the infectious prions may persist in the environment for long periods, the introduction of either captive or free-ranging uninfected animals into a contaminated environment could increase their risk of infection. For example, locations from which sheep have been removed may remain contaminated with scrapie agent for more than 15 years (Georgsson and others, 2006). ...
snip...see full text ;
Saturday, March 10, 2012
Enhanced Surveillance Strategies for Detecting and Monitoring Chronic Wasting Disease in Free-Ranging Cervids Open-File Report 2012–1036 National Wildlife Health Center
Open-File Report 2012–1036
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/03/enhanced-surveillance-strategies-for.html
a few things to consider please. one, CWD has already been transmitted to many cattle in the lab (86% in one study). the oral route would have a much longer incubation period, but we already know that CWD will transmit back to cervids via the oral route, very efficiently. the threat of spreading CWD via close contact, like at feeding grounds is great. every bit of science to date shows this. so to congregate deer together by unnatural means is not smart in my opinion. another fear has come to pass as well, another strain of CWD, yes a second strain. and just recently science has shown that a natural case of BSE has been transmitted to a GOAT. These findings demonstrate that when CWD is directly inoculated into the brain of cattle, 86% of inoculated cattle develop clinical signs of the disease.
http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publications.htm?seq_no_115=194089
UPDATED CORRESPONDENCE FROM AUTHORS OF THIS STUDY I.E. COLBY, PRUSINER ET AL, ABOUT MY CONCERNS OF THE DISCREPANCY BETWEEN THEIR FIGURES AND MY FIGURES OF THE STUDIES ON CWD TRANSMISSION TO CATTLE ;
----- Original Message -----
From: David Colby
To: flounder9@verizon.net
Cc: stanley@XXXXXXXX
Sent: Tuesday, March 01, 2011 8:25 AM
Subject: Re: FW: re-Prions David W. Colby1,* and Stanley B. Prusiner1,2 + Author Affiliations
Dear Terry Singeltary,
Thank you for your correspondence regarding the review article Stanley Prusiner and I recently wrote for Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives. Dr. Prusiner asked that I reply to your message due to his busy schedule. We agree that the transmission of CWD prions to beef livestock would be a troubling development and assessing that risk is important. In our article, we cite a peer-reviewed publication reporting confirmed cases of laboratory transmission based on stringent criteria. The less stringent criteria for transmission described in the abstract you refer to lead to the discrepancy between your numbers and ours and thus the interpretation of the transmission rate. We stand by our assessment of the literature--namely that the transmission rate of CWD to bovines appears relatively low, but we recognize that even a low transmission rate could have important implications for public health and we thank you for bringing attention to this matter.
Warm Regards, David Colby
--
David Colby, PhDAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Delaware
====================END...TSS==============
SNIP...SEE FULL TEXT ;
http://betaamyloidcjd.blogspot.com/2011/01/enlarging-spectrum-of-prion-like.html
UPDATED DATA ON 2ND CWD STRAIN
Wednesday, September 08, 2010
CWD PRION CONGRESS SEPTEMBER 8-11 2010
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2010/09/cwd-prion-2010.html
Wednesday, November 16, 2011
Wisconsin Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease, CWD, TSE, PRION REPORTING 2011
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2011/11/wisconsin-creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-cwd.html
Sunday, November 13, 2011
COLORADO CWD CJD TSE PRION REPORTING 2011
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2011/11/colorado-cwd-cjd-tse-prion-reporting.html
PLUS, THE CDC DID NOT PUT THIS WARNING OUT FOR THE WELL BEING OF THE DEER AND ELK ;
Thursday, May 26, 2011
Travel History, Hunting, and Venison Consumption Related to Prion Disease Exposure, 2006-2007 FoodNet Population Survey
Journal of the American Dietetic Association Volume 111, Issue 6 , Pages 858-863, June 2011.
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2011/05/travel-history-hunting-and-venison.html
NOR IS THE FDA recalling this CWD positive elk meat for the well being of the dead elk ;
Wednesday, March 18, 2009
Noah's Ark Holding, LLC, Dawson, MN RECALL Elk products contain meat derived from an elk confirmed to have CWD NV, CA, TX, CO, NY, UT, FL, OK RECALLS AND FIELD CORRECTIONS: FOODS CLASS II
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2009/03/noahs-ark-holding-llc-dawson-mn-recall.html
now, let’s see what the authors said about this casual link, personal communications years ago. see where it is stated NO STRONG evidence. so, does this mean there IS casual evidence ????
“Our conclusion stating that we found no strong evidence of CWD transmission to humans”
From: TSS (216-119-163-189.ipset45.wt.net)
Subject: CWD aka MAD DEER/ELK TO HUMANS ???
Date: September 30, 2002 at 7:06 am PST
From: "Belay, Ermias"
To:
Cc: "Race, Richard (NIH)" ; ; "Belay, Ermias"
Sent: Monday, September 30, 2002 9:22 AM
Subject: RE: TO CDC AND NIH - PUB MED- 3 MORE DEATHS - CWD - YOUNG HUNTERS
Dear Sir/Madam,
In the Archives of Neurology you quoted (the abstract of which was attached to your email), we did not say CWD in humans will present like variant CJD.
That assumption would be wrong. I encourage you to read the whole article and call me if you have questions or need more clarification (phone: 404-639-3091).
Also, we do not claim that "no-one has ever been infected with prion disease from eating venison."
Our conclusion stating that we found no strong evidence of CWD transmission to humans in the article you quoted or in any other forum is limited to the patients we investigated.
Ermias Belay, M.D. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
-----Original Message-----
From:
Sent: Sunday, September 29, 2002 10:15 AM
To: rr26k@nih.gov; rrace@niaid.nih.gov; ebb8@CDC.GOV
Subject: TO CDC AND NIH - PUB MED- 3 MORE DEATHS - CWD - YOUNG HUNTERS
Sunday, November 10, 2002 6:26 PM ......snip........end..............TSS
Thursday, April 03, 2008
A prion disease of cervids: Chronic wasting disease
2008 1: Vet Res. 2008 Apr 3;39(4):41
A prion disease of cervids: Chronic wasting disease
Sigurdson CJ.
snip...
*** twenty-seven CJD patients who regularly consumed venison were reported to the Surveillance Center***,
snip...
full text ;
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2008/04/prion-disease-of-cervids-chronic.html
CJD9/10022
October 1994
Mr R.N. Elmhirst Chairman British Deer Farmers Association Holly Lodge Spencers Lane BerksWell Coventry CV7 7BZ
Dear Mr Elmhirst,
CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE (CJD) SURVEILLANCE UNIT REPORT
Thank you for your recent letter concerning the publication of the third annual report from the CJD Surveillance Unit. I am sorry that you are dissatisfied with the way in which this report was published.
The Surveillance Unit is a completely independant outside body and the Department of Health is committed to publishing their reports as soon as they become available. In the circumstances it is not the practice to circulate the report for comment since the findings of the report would not be amended. In future we can ensure that the British Deer Farmers Association receives a copy of the report in advance of publication.
The Chief Medical Officer has undertaken to keep the public fully informed of the results of any research in respect of CJD. This report was entirely the work of the unit and was produced completely independantly of the the Department.
The statistical results reqarding the consumption of venison was put into perspective in the body of the report and was not mentioned at all in the press release. Media attention regarding this report was low key but gave a realistic presentation of the statistical findings of the Unit. This approach to publication was successful in that consumption of venison was highlighted only once by the media ie. in the News at one television proqramme.
I believe that a further statement about the report, or indeed statistical links between CJD and consumption of venison, would increase, and quite possibly give damaging credence, to the whole issue. From the low key media reports of which I am aware it seems unlikely that venison consumption will suffer adversely, if at all.
http://web.archive.org/web/20030511010117/http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1994/10/00003001.pdf
THIRD CJD REPORT UK 1994
snip...
Consumption of venison and veal was much less widespread among both cases and controls. For both of these meats, there was evidence of a trend with increasing frequency of consumption being associated with increasing risk of CJD. These associations were largely unchanged when attention was restricted to pairs with data obtained from relatives. ...
http://www.cjd.ed.ac.uk/Archive%20reports/report3.pdf
THE REASON these deer game farmers are so thrilled the USDA is taking over the DNR on deer game farms, and any CWD or CJD there from. from here on out, it’s about nothing but money $$$ the USDA will make sure of that...
just remember what it will cost the state when you find another CWD positive, and on a game farm, besides what it will do to your wild herds.
SEE WHAT _one_ CWD INFECTED GAME FARM IN WISCONSIN COST THE STATE, for years, and years, and years to come $$$
The CWD infection rate was nearly 80%, the highest ever in a North American captive herd.
Despite the five year premise plan and site decontamination, The WI DNR has concerns over the bioavailability of infectious prions at this site to wild white-tail deer should these fences be removed. Current research indicates that prions can persist in soil for a minimum of 3 years.
However, Georgsson et al. (2006) concluded that prions that produced scrapie disease in sheep remained bioavailable and infectious for at least 16 years in natural Icelandic environments, most likely in contaminated soil.
Additionally, the authors reported that from 1978-2004, scrapie recurred on 33 sheep farms, of which 9 recurrences occurred 14-21 years after initial culling and subsequent restocking efforts; these findings further emphasize the effect of environmental contamination on sustaining TSE infectivity and that long-term persistence of prions in soils may be substantially greater than previously thought.
snip...
SUMMARY: The Department has obtained on agreement to purchase 80 acres of land from Patricia Casey for $465,000 for the Statewide Wildlife Habitat program, In Portage County, The item is being submitted because the price exceeds the appraised value of $371,000 and because the Department will prohibit Nature-Based Outdoor Activities on the land.
The properly is located in south central Portage County about 12 miles southeast of Plover in the Town of Almond. The property, which includes a single family residence, a metal building, and a storage shed, was operated us a deer farm until 2006 at which time it was closed down because of an outbreak of chronic wasting disease (CWD). All the deer in the operation were destroyed and the operation has stood vacant for the last 5 years per U .S. Dcpnrtmeut of Agriculture requirements. During this time and until May 24, 2011, the fences around this facility must be maintained and the premise cannot be used as a deer farm, though other animals such ns cattle and horses would be permitted. After May 24, all such restrictions will expire. This site, known as the Hall Farm, had the highest prevalence of CWO positive deer recorded at any deer farm in North America.
Based on available science, the Department believes that there is an unacceptable potential risk of exposure to CWD causing prions to wild cervids in this area should the premise fencing be removed. To minimize this risk, the Department believes that the fences should remain intact and in place until science can demonstrate that there is no longer any potential risk. After extensive consideration of several options, the Department maintains that the purchase and subsequent management of the properly and fences is the only realistic option.
The Department proposes to prohibit all public use of the property in order to ensure confinement and control of contaminated soils and limit any potential spread of Chronic Wasting Disease from the property to surrounding lands and wild deer populations and to allow for research of prions and prion related diseases such as Chronic Wasting Disease. The property is currently surrounded by a deer fence and removal of that fence to allow public use, or public use of any form inside the fenced area would be incompatible with the primary purpose of acquiring the properly. The Department has determined that it is necessary to prohibit all public access on the site to accommodate the Department's primary purpose for the acquisition and its Intended use of the property for research and wildlife management.
Acquisition of this properly will minimize any potential risk to local cervids from the CWD causing prions that may exist within the fenced area. The Department will consider sale of the house at a later date if local zoning can be modified for a lot size that would not contain contaminated soil. State ownership will allow the Department to maintain the deer proof fence, thereby protecting wild deer from CWD infection from the contaminated soil on this former deer farm.
RECOMMENDATION: That the Board approve the purchase of 80 acres of land for $465,000 for the Statewide Wildlife Habitat Program in Portage County and approve the restrictions on public use of the site.
snip...see full text and much more here ;
http://dnr.wi.gov/org/nrboard/2011/december/12-11-2b2.pdf
SNIP...SEE FULL TEXT ;
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2011/12/chronic-wasting-disease-cwd-wisconsin.html
Thursday, February 09, 2012
50 GAME FARMS IN USA INFECTED WITH CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/50-game-farms-to-date-in-usa-infected.html
Saturday, February 04, 2012
Wisconsin 16 age limit on testing dead deer Game Farm CWD Testing Protocol Needs To Be Revised
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2012/02/wisconsin-16-age-limit-on-testing-dead.html
and it’s anyone’s guess with the sub-clinical deer and elk with CWD...
indicating that subclinical scrapie infection is likely to be a common occurrence. The significance of positive sPMCA reactions was confirmed by the transmission of infectivity in buccal swab extracts to Tg338 mice, illustrating the likely importance of orally available prions in the horizontal transmission of scrapie.
http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/content/short/JVI.05579-11v1
Yet, it has to be noted that our assessments of PrPTSE levels in skeletal muscles were based on findings in presumably pre- or subclinically infected animals. Therefore, the concentration of PrPTSE in skeletal muscles of WTD with clinically manifest CWD may possibly exceed our estimate which refers to clinically inconspicuous animals that are more likely to enter the human food chain. Our tissue blot findings in skeletal muscles from CWD-infected WTD would be consistent with an anterograde spread of CWD prions via motor nerve fibres to muscle tissue (figure 4A). Similar neural spreading pathways of muscle infection were previously found in hamsters orally challenged with scrapie [28] and suggested by the detection of PrPTSE in muscle fibres and muscle-associated nerve fascicles of clinically-ill non-human primates challenged with BSE prions [29]. Whether the absence of detectable PrPTSE in myofibers observed in our study is a specific feature of CWD in WTD, or was due to a pre- or subclinical stage of infection in the examined animals, remains to be established. In any case, our observations support previous findings suggesting the precautionary prevention of muscle tissue from CWD-infected WTD in the human diet, and highlight the need to comprehensively elucidate of whether CWD may be transmissible to humans. While the understanding of TSEs in cervids has made substantial progress during the past few years, the assessment and management of risks possibly emanating from prions in skeletal muscles of CWD-infected cervids requires further research.
Citation: Daus ML, Breyer J, Wagenfuehr K, Wemheuer WM, Thomzig A, et al. (2011) Presence and Seeding Activity of Pathological Prion Protein (PrPTSE) in Skeletal Muscles of White-Tailed Deer Infected with Chronic Wasting Disease. PLoS ONE 6(4): e18345. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018345
Editor: Jason Bartz, Creighton University, United States of America
Received: December 17, 2010; Accepted: March 1, 2011; Published: April 1, 2011
Copyright: © 2011 Daus et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Funding: The study was sponsored by the Alberta Prion Research Institute (APRI, www.prioninstitute.ca), and the study was carried out within the APRI-sponsored research project “Comprehensive risk assessment of Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) transmission to humans using non-human primates”. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
* E-mail: BeekesM@rki.de
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0018345
Monday, March 19, 2012
Infectivity in Skeletal Muscle of Cattle with Atypical Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
PLoS One. 2012; 7(2): e31449.
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2012/03/infectivity-in-skeletal-muscle-of.html
ONE FINAL THOUGHT ON CWD IN MICHIGAN AND SENATE BILL 27, the USDA and or APHIS et al, do NOT care about subclinical TSE prion disease. ALL THEY CARE ABOUT is trade $$$
Sunday, March 11, 2012
APHIS Proposes New Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Import Regulations in Line with International Animal Health Standards Proposal Aims to Ensure Health of the U.S. Beef Herd, Assist in Negotiations
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2012/03/aphis-proposes-new-bovine-spongiform.html
Thursday, February 23, 2012
EIGHT FORMER SECRETARIES OF AGRICULTURE SPEAKING AT USDA'S 2012 AGRICULTURE OUTLOOK FORUM INDUCTED INTO USA MAD COW HALL OF SHAME
http://madcowusda.blogspot.com/2012/02/eight-former-secretaries-of-agriculture.html
Saturday, March 5, 2011
MAD COW ATYPICAL CJD PRION TSE CASES WITH CLASSIFICATIONS PENDING ON THE RISE IN NORTH AMERICA
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2011/03/mad-cow-atypical-cjd-prion-tse-cases.html
Sunday, August 21, 2011
The British disease, or a disease gone global, The TSE Prion Disease
(see video here)
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2011/08/british-disease-or-disease-gone-global.html
Sunday, February 12, 2012
National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Center Cases Examined1 (August 19, 2011) including Texas
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2012/02/national-prion-disease-pathology.html
kind regards, terry
layperson
Terry S. Singeltary Sr.
P.O. Box 42
Bacliff, Texas USA 77518
flounder9@verion.net
posted by Terry S. Singeltary Sr. at
7:44 PM
0 Comments
