Cervid Industry Unites To Set Direction for CWD Reform and seem to ignore their ignorance and denial in their role in spreading Chronic Wasting Disease
April 10, 2013
Cervid Industry Unites To Set Direction for CWD Reform
Unanimous Vote Defines Negotiating Process
This week American Cervid Alliance Council members convened to review the
latest progress of the CWD Standards Working Group and determine the next steps
in the process. The three cervid industry representatives – Eric Molhman, Shawn
Shafer and Charly Seale, all agreed to allow the negotiating process continue
until the Standards Working Group has concluded.
The CWD Standards Working Group was created last fall by an approved
resolution at the United States Animal Health Commission Association’s (USAHA)
Annual Conference. The charge of the Standards Working Group is to review the
current draft of the Federal Program Standards document and suggest changes.
These changes apply to the standards, not the rule. The Working Group is
represented by the three industry representatives, several state veterinarians,
wildlife officials, and the United States Department of Agriculture. The three
national cervid associations each have seat- Shawn Shafer of the North American
Deer Farmers Association, Eric Molhman of the North American Elk Breeders
Association, and Charly Seale of the Exotic Wildlife Association.
As of last night, over two dozen state and national cervid associations
registered to become voting members of the American Cervid Alliance to bring
their membership’s voice to the leadership council. After the vote, several more
associations registered to sign on.
Shawn Shafer, Eric Molhman, and Charly Seale each agreed during the meeting
that the industry must be on the same page about the process. The agreed process
is to allow the Standards Working Group to play out and stand united as they
voice concerns next week in Washington DC. They would not recommend advancing
the standards document forward to public comment if there are still detrimental
requirements in the final draft. Eric Molhman stated, “We are willing to
negotiate as long as we are making progress and I believe Shawn and Charly agree
on this.”
Travis Lowe of the Kansas Cervid Breeders Association stated there was a
lot of confusion among people in the industry of what exactly is the process and
where associations stand. Lowe said, “Tonight we need to unite as an industry
and send a clear message to everyone that this is the process and we will make a
determination later this month when we have the final document.” Lowe offered a
motion to ask every councilman to agree to the process. The motion carried 24-0.
By the end of April there should be a clear picture if the Working Group is
making progress.
Please visit www.americancervidalliance.org to learn more about the
American Cervid Alliance.
Current Issues Impacting the Cervid Industry The leadership council of the
American Cervid Alliance is charged with reviewing industry issues, examine
options and executing solutions. The advantage of this council connecting with
three dozen associations multiplies the number of total breeders that can be
reached which gives more opportunity to educate and inform the cervid industry.
The ACA is closely monitoring several ongoing threats and seeking obtainable
solutions.
Communication between associations is essential to keep members abreast of
industry issues and share insight between leaders. It is clear in this
increasingly hostile regulatory environment that breeders and associations must
stand united to prevent the eventual elimination of our rights to breed deer and
elk.
A few of the ongoing issues closely monitored include regulatory and
legislative issues as well as ensuring that the information going to the public
regarding CWD is based on scientific evidence.
Regulatory Issues Federal CWD Rule - As everyone is probably aware, the
federal CWD rule came out last summer and did very little to help our industry
operate financially viable farming operations. The cervid industry waited a
decade for the rule and was less than satisfied with the results. There is no
longer money for indemnification, no testing relief for farms with over a dozen
years of monitoring, no relief for slaughter testing, and a new requirement of
mandatory testing of animals over twelve months old instead of the usual sixteen
months. There is also a requirement for 100% testing of all harvested animals
from trophy ranches that are part of the monitoring program.
The proposed rule was open for public comment for sixty days. The industry
rallied over two hundred comments of suggested changes. Very little if any
changes recommended by the cervid industry were implemented.
In October 2012, at the United States Animal Health Association (USAHA)
Annual Conference the Federal CWD Rule was a topic of major discussion. The
North American Elk Breeders Association Executive Director Eric Mohlman, Exotic
Wildlife Association Executive Director Charly Seale and Minnesota's Board of
Animal Health official Dr. Paul Anderson offered a resolution that was adopted
to create a task force to review and recommend changes to the federal standards
before it is permanently implemented. The working group was created that would
include three industry seats along with representatives from the USDA, US Fish
and Wildlife, and state agriculture officials. The cervid industry
representatives on the task force are Eric Mohlman of NAEBA, Charly Seale of EWA
and Shawn Schafer of NADeFA. The group was given 90 days to go through the
standards and agree on recommendations.
As almost everyone in industry agrees, there are elements in the standards
that are unacceptable to the industry and hopefully the USDA will make several
changes to create a good business environment for breeders. The product of this
working group will be sent to USDA as recommendations and then be subject to
further scrutiny and be available for public comments. Unfortunately some
breeders are being made to believe that the working groups' decisions are being
implemented as positive changes and accomplishments. We hope there are positive
changes made because the standards, as it is now written, are still
unacceptable.
The ACA leaders are reviewing the progress to determine if the standards of
the federal rule are acceptable to the industry. The industry waited over a
decade for this rule and it is essential the standards and the rule reflect the
input industry has given along the way but unfortunately most has been ignored
to this point. Unless we have a rule and standards that allow free trade and
encourage commerce we as an industry shouldn't be supporting it or its passage.
State Issues Iowa: On July 26, 2012, Iowa breeders Tom & Rhonda Brakke
were notified of a positive case of CWD from an animal taken during their
harvest season in December 2011. Their herd was CWD monitored for ten years and
remained a closed herd for more than ten years. The Iowa Department of
Agriculture quarantined their breeding herd of 450 animals and their 330 acre
hunting preserve for a minimum of five years. The Brakke's entered into an
agreement with the Iowa Department of Natural Resources for the 330 acre hunting
facility to allow them to accommodate the hunters that had made arrangements to
hunt with them during the 2012 hunting season. In this agreement, the Brakke's
purchased a reefer trailer, paid for 50% of the electric standoff fence
surrounding the preserve, and paid for 100% of the CWD testing for all animals
harvested. They were allowed to purchase animals from other breeders and harvest
those that were already on the property. All animals are to be harvested on the
preserve property no later than January 31, 2013. To date, 170 of animals from
the preserve have been tested and they have found two positives, both bucks.
Effective January 1, 2012, the USDA has dropped all CWD indemnity and
declared their lack of understanding and scientific knowledge for CWD. The
Brakke's have raised whitetail deer for twenty years with more than $2.5 million
invested in the industry.
The Brakke's met with the IA Department of Agriculture and the Iowa
Department of Natural Resources on several occasions in hopes of developing a
plan to depopulate their breeding herd and were unsuccessful. It was their
intent to obtain indemnity for their herd through their hunting preserve with
control factors to mitigate the risk of spreading the disease. The IA Department
of Agriculture will not accept live rectal biopsy testing, as the test is not
approved by the USDA and the Iowa DNR hunting preserve regulations include
language that all deer must come from CWD free herds. It is their belief that
the Brakke's should pay to destroy their own herd, pay for the testing and
clean-up, which includes removing 2" of top soil on the entire property. The
Brakke's are currently spending $3,000 per week to feed their animals and are
quarantined for five years. Because they were not able to come to an agreement,
the Brakke's recently entered into litigation with the state of Iowa for
compensation for the breeding herd. The suit should reach the courts in Summer
2013.
Pennsylvania: After CWD is found on a deer farm in Pennsylvania, two deer
escaped into the wild while the animals were being worked causing a media
frenzy. Negative media speculated the two escaped deer could be infected
themselves and spreading it to the wild population. During this fall's hunting
season both deer were found and tested for CWD. Both tested negative.
On March 1 Pennsylvania was notified of their first wild cases of CWD.
Three cases were found in the wild from last fall's hunt. This again has led to
a media frenzy with threats of closing borders, quarantines, and trace outs
affecting breeders' statuses in other states. The three positive wild deer were
not in a county where the positive captive deer were raised, but that message
has been lost to the media.
New York: After CWD was found on the PA farm, New York closed their borders
until they could assess the situation. They continued to keep their borders
closed well into the fall and caused extreme hardship on both the breeding
operations and the hunt preserves. Some of the restrictions have relaxed but
free trade hasn't been allowed to exist. The New York Deer and Elk Farmers
Association have negotiated with the state agencies but they have also hired an
attorney that is assisting them in the language that is being drafted by the
state to solve the limitations to movement.
Minnesota: Minnesota is again under attack by the Department of Natural
Resources. The DNR is now asking legislators to be compensated by cervid farmers
for recovery costs when there are escaped animals that aren't recovered by the
producer in a timely fashion. Under a heavy email campaign by members to
legislators, the DNR removed language from the bill.
The Minnesota application for approval for the Federal Rule has been denied
three times. The Board of Health is getting very frustrated with the approval
process. Hopefully number four is a winner.
Missouri: Due to recent CWD findings in whitetail deer in Missouri, the
Missouri Department of Conservation implemented a temporary moratorium of new
deer breeders and new trophy ranches with cervids. Missouri state cervid
association leaders, assisted by national leaders, testified at several meetings
and offered discussion and public comments. After several months, with a lack of
scientific standing to keep the moratorium, the MDC allowed the proposed
amendment to establish a moratorium on new captive cervid facilities to expire
on January 29th, 2013.
Legislative Issues Iowa: In the 2013 legislative session Senate File 59 was
introduce by the Senate Natural Resources Committee Chairman. The bill would
devastate the Iowa cervid industry. The bill calls for double fencing with ten
foot fencing requirements and suggests $5,000 annual permit fees. It would also
require a $100,000 bond to raise cervids. The bill is portrayed in the media to
protect the wild deer herds of CWD from captive herds. Of course, scientific
evidence would show this is a misrepresentation of the truth. The bill has
received no action at the present time and is stalled in committee.
Illinois: Rep. Kelly Burke, D-Evergreen Park recently introduced House Bill
3118. HB 3118 would place a moratorium on any new captive hunt facilities for
native mammals from opening in the state. These types of bills have been
attempted in several states to end captive hunting. There are many false
references and so-called facts that distort the truth by proponents of the bill.
CWD Policy Negative Media: In the news it seems there is constantly an
editorial or news article insinuating that CWD is fatal disease caused by
domestic deer breeding that will completely wipe out the wild deer population.
As our industry knows, nothing is further from the truth. If someone sets a
Google news alert for "CWD" nine out of ten articles that come across the news
are negative portrayals that attempt to show domestic breeding and captive
hunting as the catalyst. If the public only hears one side without opposition it
will become accepted.
ACA Goals Exact goals and support will be decided by the ACA leadership
council or an appointed committee.
A few suggested goals of ACA involvement. CWD Science -The ACA has been
working with two very reputable epidemiologist that are willing to provide their
opinion and give scientific testimony during state agency hearings and to
provide producers with sound scientific advice in these matters.
Research - The ACA will look for research possibilities that could bring
benefit to the cervid industry, whether through CWD live testing methods,
genetic resistance testing or other research projects that could positively
impact the farmed cervid industry. The ACA will continually be looking for
additional ways to improve the cervid industry through science based research.
Iowa Support - The ACA has been very involved with the Brakke family in
Iowa and working with the Iowa Whitetail Deer Breeders Association and the Iowa
Elk Breeders Association. The Brakke's have been forced to pursue litigation in
order to recover indemnity due to the state implementing quarantines prohibiting
their business activity and the federal government's unfunded mandates. A
portion of the funds generated at the 2013 Midwest Select have already been sent
to Iowa to assist their legal fees.
Federal Rule - The ACA has sought professional legal advice in the event
the federal rule product still has elements detrimental to the industry. The
final product of the rule and its companion standards document should be known
by this spring.
Proactive Truth in CWD News - Nine out of ten news articles regarding CWD
has extremely negative biases that distort the truth and either implies or flat
out lies that domestic deer breeding and conservation hunt are the catalysts and
are leading to the decimation of wild deer herds. The industry knows better but
the public does not. If the public hears one side without hearing another then
the one side becomes accepted by the public. We must work to get more proactive
news explaining the real facts of CWD.
Cervid Industry & State Vets Could Rewrite CWD Rule
March 29, 2013
Good News From the ACA!
The American Cervid Alliance (ACA) received word today that the National
Assembly of State Veterinarians, during their regularly scheduled meeting, gave
support to industry in possibly eliminating the Federal CWD program consisting
of the current Federal Rule and Federal Program Standards. The supporting
assembly members are in favor of doing away with these arduous rules designed to
put the cervid industry out of business and starting over with a new set of
rules written by industry and state animal health officials.
The three national cervid associations, North American Deer Farmers
Association (NADeFA), Exotic Wildlife Association (EWA), and North American Elk
Breeders Association (NAEBA), along with several members of the National
Assembly of State Veterinarians, if approved by a majority vote of the ACA on
April 9th *, will work to rewrite rules that will be acceptable to not only the
cervid breeders but also the nation's state animal health agencies. This would
be the cervid industry's program that would govern all interstate movement of
CWD susceptible species. Also if approved by the ACA, wildlife agencies will not
be included in this new rule making process.
Dr. John Clifford, head of USDA/ APHIS, is supportive of the cervid
industry and has indicated that he would support this effort to develop our own
program. This is a golden opportunity to reduce the federal CWD regulations and
it is imperative that we stand united.
*Don’t forget to send in your association’s ACA representative so that your
vote will be counted on April 9th .
The American Cervid Alliance (ACA) is a leadership council comprised of
representatives from state and national elk, deer, and exotic associations. The
leaders of these associations meet regularly to assess the latest attacks on our
industry from over-regulation, harmful legislation and threats to our right to
raise cervids... The ACA essentially functions as the United Nations of the
cervid industry. Much like the UN has member nations, the ACA will have member
associations.
The ACA has not been created to nor will it replace any association and
individual producers will not become members of the ACA.
What is the mission of the ACA?
The mission of the American Cervid Alliance is to protect and promote the
private property rights of individual members of our participating cervid
industry associations. The American Cervid Alliance will explore all avenues
through education, negotiations, research, lobbying or legal challenges to
preserve the rights of our members to explore private business ventures that
include breeding, raising, harvesting, marketing and legal movement of farm
raised cervids.
snip...
April 2, 2013
Dear Fellow Producer:
Re-CWD Regulations and Standards
Dear Fellow Hunters, Sportsman, livestock producers and their clients,
politicians and their corporate lobbyist,
do these owners of these shooting pens then have insurance to cover the
cost of each one of these game farms that come up positive for CWD, and the cost
there after for 5 or 10 years for one cwd infected farm ?
if not, why not ?
how many states have $465,000., and can quarantine and purchase there from,
each cwd said infected farm, but how many states can afford this for all the cwd
infected cervid game ranch type farms ?
(how many?) game farms in a state X $465,000., do all these game farms have
insurance to pay for this risk of infected the wild cervid herds, in each state
?
Tuesday, December 20, 2011
CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE CWD WISCONSIN Almond Deer (Buckhorn Flats) Farm
Update DECEMBER 2011
The CWD infection rate was nearly 80%, the highest ever in a North American
captive herd.
RECOMMENDATION: That the Board approve the purchase of 80 acres of land for
$465,000 for the Statewide Wildlife Habitat Program in Portage County and
approve the restrictions on public use of the site.
Form 1100-001
(R 2/11)
NATURAL RESOURCES BOARD AGENDA ITEM
SUBJECT: Information Item: Almond Deer Farm Update
FOR: DECEMBER 2011 BOARD MEETING
TUESDAY
TO BE PRESENTED BY TITLE: Tami Ryan, Wildlife Health Section Chief
SUMMARY:
NOW, what about the OTHER SIDE OF THE STORY ON SHOOTING PENS GAME FARMS,
livestock there from, AND CWD. ...
2012 CDC REPORT ON CWD
Volume 18, Number 3—March 2012 Synopsis Occurrence, Transmission, and
Zoonotic Potential of Chronic Wasting Disease
snip...
Prevalence and Surveillance
Originally recognized only in southeastern Wyoming and northeastern
Colorado, USA, CWD was reported in Canada in 1996 and Wisconsin in 2001 and
continues to be identified in new geographic locations (Figure 1, panel A). CWD
has been identified in free-ranging cervids in 15 US states and 2 Canadian
provinces and in ≈100 captive herds in 15 states and provinces and in South
Korea (Figure 1, panel B).
snip...
CWD surveillance programs are now in place in almost all US states and
Canadian provinces (Figure 2, panel A). More than 1,060,000 free-ranging cervids
have reportedly been tested for CWD (Figure 2, panel B) and ≈6,000 cases have
been identified (Figure 2, panel C) according to data from state and provincial
wildlife agencies.
snip...
Testing of captive cervids is routine in most states and provinces, but
varies considerably in scope from mandatory testing of all dead animals to
voluntary herd certification programs or mandatory testing of only animals
suspected of dying of CWD.
snip...
Long-term effects of CWD on cervid populations and ecosystems remain
unclear as the disease continues to spread and prevalence increases. In captive
herds, CWD might persist at high levels and lead to complete herd destruction in
the absence of human culling. Epidemiologic modeling suggests the disease could
have severe effects on free-ranging deer populations, depending on hunting
policies and environmental persistence (8,9). CWD has been associated with large
decreases in free-ranging mule deer populations in an area of high CWD
prevalence (Boulder, Colorado, USA) (5). In addition, CWD-infected deer are
selectively preyed upon by mountain lions (5), and may also be more vulnerable
to vehicle collisions (10). Long-term effects of the disease may vary
considerably geographically, not only because of local hunting policies,
predator populations, and human density (e.g., vehicular collisions) but also
because of local environmental factors such as soil type (11) and local cervid
population factors, such as genetics and movement patterns (S.E. Saunders,
unpub. data).
snip...
Controlling the spread of CWD, especially by human action, is a more
attainable goal than eradication. Human movement of cervids has likely led to
spread of CWD in facilities for captive animals, which has most likely
contributed to establishment of new disease foci in free-ranging populations
(Figure 1, panel A). Thus, restrictions on human movement of cervids from
disease-endemic areas or herds continue to be warranted. Anthropogenic factors
that increase cervid congregation such as baiting and feeding should also be
restricted to reduce CWD transmission. Appropriate disposal of carcasses of
animals with suspected CWD is necessary to limit environmental contamination
(20), and attractive onsite disposal options such as composting and burial
require further investigation to determine contamination risks. The best options
for lowering the risk for recurrence in facilities for captive animals with
outbreaks are complete depopulation, stringent exclusion of free-ranging
cervids, and disinfection of all exposed surfaces. However, even the most
extensive decontamination measures may not be sufficient to eliminate the risk
for disease recurrence (20; S.E. Saunders et al. unpub. data)
Wednesday, January 02, 2013
Iowa Third Deer Positive CWD at Davis County Hunting Preserve Captive
Shooting Pen
Tuesday, March 26, 2013
CWD Missouri remains confined to Linn-Macon-County Core Area with four new
cases
Tuesday, November 13, 2012
ILLINOIS CWD UPDATE NOVEMBER 2012
Wednesday, January 16, 2013
Illinois DuPage county deer found with Chronic Wasting Disease CWD
Saturday, April 13, 2013
Tennessee Launches CWD Herd Certification Program in the wake of
legislation for game farms
Wednesday, November 14, 2012
PENNSYLVANIA 2012 THE GREAT ESCAPE OF CWD INVESTIGATION MOVES INTO
LOUISIANA and INDIANA
Pennsylvania CWD number of deer exposed and farms there from much greater
than first thought
Published: Wednesday, October 17, 2012, 10:44 PM Updated: Wednesday,
October 17, 2012, 11:33 PM
Tuesday, October 23, 2012
PA Captive deer from CWD-positive farm roaming free
HERE, we see why these shooting pen owners some much like the USDA
oversight of these game farms ;
USDA TO PGC ONCE CAPTIVES ESCAPE "it‘s no longer its business.”
problem solved $$$...TSS
Sunday, January 06, 2013
USDA TO PGC ONCE CAPTIVES ESCAPE "it‘s no longer its business.”
what happened to the PA deer from the CWD index heard that went to
Louisiana ???
or Indiana ???
Monday, April 15, 2013
Deer farmers in the state of Louisiana are under a quarantine due to
Chronic Wasting Disease CWD
Monday, June 11, 2012
OHIO Captive deer escapees and non-reporting
pens, PENS, PENS ???
*** Spraker suggested an interesting explanation for the occurrence of CWD.
The deer pens at the Foot Hills Campus were built some 30-40 years ago by a Dr.
Bob Davis. At or abut that time, allegedly, some scrapie work was conducted at
this site. When deer were introduced to the pens they occupied ground that had
previously been occupied by sheep.
now, decades later ;
2012
PO-039: A comparison of scrapie and chronic wasting disease in white-tailed
deer
Justin Greenlee, Jodi Smith, Eric Nicholson US Dept. Agriculture;
Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center; Ames, IA USA
Interspecies transmission studies afford the opportunity to better
understand the potential host range and origins of prion diseases. The purpose
of these experiments was to determine susceptibility of white-tailed deer (WTD)
to scrapie and to compare the resultant clinical signs, lesions, and molecular
profiles of PrPSc to those of chronic wasting disease (CWD). We inoculated WTD
intracranially (IC; n = 5) and by a natural route of exposure (concurrent oral
and intranasal (IN); n = 5) with a US scrapie isolate. All deer were inoculated
with a 10% (wt/vol) brain homogenate from sheep with scrapie (1ml IC, 1 ml IN,
30 ml oral). All deer inoculated by the intracranial route had evidence of PrPSc
accumulation. PrPSc was detected in lymphoid tissues as early as 7
months-post-inoculation (PI) and a single deer that was necropsied at 15.6
months had widespread distribution of PrPSc highlighting that PrPSc is widely
distributed in the CNS and lymphoid tissues prior to the onset of clinical
signs. IC inoculated deer necropsied after 20 months PI (3/5) had clinical
signs, spongiform encephalopathy, and widespread distribution of PrPSc in neural
and lymphoid tissues. The results of this study suggest that there are many
similarities in the manifestation of CWD and scrapie in WTD after IC inoculation
including early and widespread presence of PrPSc in lymphoid tissues, clinical
signs of depression and weight loss progressing to wasting, and an incubation
time of 21-23 months. Moreover, western blots (WB) done on brain material from
the obex region have a molecular profile similar to CWD and distinct from
tissues of the cerebrum or the scrapie inoculum. However, results of microscopic
and IHC examination indicate that there are differences between the lesions
expected in CWD and those that occur in deer with scrapie: amyloid plaques were
not noted in any sections of brain examined from these deer and the pattern of
immunoreactivity by IHC was diffuse rather than plaque-like. After a natural
route of exposure, 100% of WTD were susceptible to scrapie. Deer developed
clinical signs of wasting and mental depression and were necropsied from 28 to
33 months PI. Tissues from these deer were positive for PrPSc by IHC and WB.
Similar to IC inoculated deer, samples from these deer exhibited two different
molecular profiles: samples from obex resembled CWD whereas those from cerebrum
were similar to the original scrapie inoculum. On further examination by WB
using a panel of antibodies, the tissues from deer with scrapie exhibit
properties differing from tissues either from sheep with scrapie or WTD with
CWD. Samples from WTD with CWD or sheep with scrapie are strongly immunoreactive
when probed with mAb P4, however, samples from WTD with scrapie are only weakly
immunoreactive. In contrast, when probed with mAb’s 6H4 or SAF 84, samples from
sheep with scrapie and WTD with CWD are weakly immunoreactive and samples from
WTD with scrapie are strongly positive. This work demonstrates that WTD are
highly susceptible to sheep scrapie, but on first passage, scrapie in WTD is
differentiable from CWD.
2011
*** After a natural route of exposure, 100% of white-tailed deer were
susceptible to scrapie.
Scrapie in Deer: Comparisons and Contrasts to Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD)
Justin J. Greenlee of the Virus and Prion Diseases Research Unit, National
Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Ames, IA provided a presentation on scrapie
and CWD in inoculated deer. Interspecies transmission studies afford the
opportunity to better understand the potential host range and origins of prion
diseases. We inoculated white-tailed deer intracranially (IC) and by a natural
route of exposure (concurrent oral and intranasal inoculation) with a US scrapie
isolate. All deer inoculated by the intracranial route had evidence of PrPSc
accumulation and those necropsied after 20 months post-inoculation (PI) (3/5)
had clinical signs, spongiform encephalopathy, and widespread distribution of
PrPSc in neural and lymphoid tissues. A single deer that was necropsied at 15.6
months PI did not have clinical signs, but had widespread distribution of PrPSc.
This highlights the facts that 1) prior to the onset of clinical signs PrPSc is
widely distributed in the CNS and lymphoid tissues and 2) currently used
diagnostic methods are sufficient to detect PrPSc prior to the onset of clinical
signs. The results of this study suggest that there are many similarities in the
manifestation of CWD and scrapie in white-tailed deer after IC inoculation
including early and widespread presence of PrPSc in lymphoid tissues, clinical
signs of depression and weight loss progressing to wasting, and an incubation
time of 21-23 months. Moreover, western blots (WB) done on brain material from
the obex region have a molecular profile consistent with CWD and distinct from
tissues of the cerebrum or the scrapie inoculum. However, results of microscopic
and IHC examination indicate that there are differences between the lesions
expected in CWD and those that occur in deer with scrapie: amyloid plaques were
not noted in any sections of brain examined from these deer and the pattern of
immunoreactivity by IHC was diffuse rather than plaque-like. After a natural
route of exposure, 100% of white-tailed deer were susceptible to scrapie. Deer
developed clinical signs of wasting and mental depression and were necropsied
from 28 to 33 months PI. Tissues from these deer were positive for scrapie by
IHC and WB. Tissues with PrPSc immunoreactivity included brain, tonsil,
retropharyngeal and mesenteric lymph nodes, hemal node, Peyer’s patches, and
spleen. While two WB patterns have been detected in brain regions of deer
inoculated by the natural route, unlike the IC inoculated deer, the pattern
similar to the scrapie inoculum predominates.
Committee Business:
The Committee discussed and approved three resolutions regarding CWD. They
can be found in the report of the Reswolutions Committee. Essentially the
resolutions urged USDA-APHIS-VS to:
Continue to provide funding for CWD testing of captive cervids
Finalize and publish the national CWD rule for Herd Certification and
Interstate Movement
Evaluate live animal test, including rectal mucosal biopsy, for CWD in
cervids
2011 Annual Report
Research Project: TRANSMISSION, DIFFERENTIATION, AND PATHOBIOLOGY OF
TRANSMISSIBLE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHIES Location: Virus and Prion Research
Unit
2011 Annual Report
In Objective 1, Assess cross-species transmissibility of transmissible
spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) in livestock and wildlife, numerous
experiments assessing the susceptibility of various TSEs in different host
species were conducted. Most notable is deer inoculated with scrapie, which
exhibits similarities to chronic wasting disease (CWD) in deer suggestive of
sheep scrapie as an origin of CWD.
snip...
4.Accomplishments 1. Deer inoculated with domestic isolates of sheep
scrapie. Scrapie-affected deer exhibit 2 different patterns of disease
associated prion protein. In some regions of the brain the pattern is much like
that observed for scrapie, while in others it is more like chronic wasting
disease (CWD), the transmissible spongiform encephalopathy typically associated
with deer. This work conducted by ARS scientists at the National Animal Disease
Center, Ames, IA suggests that an interspecies transmission of sheep scrapie to
deer may have been the origin of CWD. This is important for husbandry practices
with both captive deer, elk and sheep for farmers and ranchers attempting to
keep their herds and flocks free of CWD and scrapie.
White-tailed Deer are Susceptible to Scrapie by Natural Route of Infection
Jodi D. Smith, Justin J. Greenlee, and Robert A. Kunkle; Virus and Prion
Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA-ARS
Interspecies transmission studies afford the opportunity to better
understand the potential host range and origins of prion diseases. Previous
experiments demonstrated that white-tailed deer are susceptible to sheep-derived
scrapie by intracranial inoculation. The purpose of this study was to determine
susceptibility of white-tailed deer to scrapie after a natural route of
exposure. Deer (n=5) were inoculated by concurrent oral (30 ml) and intranasal
(1 ml) instillation of a 10% (wt/vol) brain homogenate derived from a sheep
clinically affected with scrapie. Non-inoculated deer were maintained as
negative controls. All deer were observed daily for clinical signs. Deer were
euthanized and necropsied when neurologic disease was evident, and tissues were
examined for abnormal prion protein (PrPSc) by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and
western blot (WB). One animal was euthanized 15 months post-inoculation (MPI)
due to an injury. At that time, examination of obex and lymphoid tissues by IHC
was positive, but WB of obex and colliculus were negative. Remaining deer
developed clinical signs of wasting and mental depression and were necropsied
from 28 to 33 MPI. Tissues from these deer were positive for scrapie by IHC and
WB. Tissues with PrPSc immunoreactivity included brain, tonsil, retropharyngeal
and mesenteric lymph nodes, hemal node, Peyer’s patches, and spleen. This work
demonstrates for the first time that white-tailed deer are susceptible to sheep
scrapie by potential natural routes of inoculation. In-depth analysis of tissues
will be done to determine similarities between scrapie in deer after
intracranial and oral/intranasal inoculation and chronic wasting disease
resulting from similar routes of inoculation.
see full text ;
*** NEED TO KNOW ***
i have included in this report, SOME HISTORY ON CAPTIVE SHOOTING PENS IN
NORTH AMERICA, AND CWD THERE FROM...
Elk & game farming in other states Utah Fish and Game Dept
The state of Utah has little experience with big game farming. In an effort
to understand elk and game farming, the Division has contacted other states that
allow elk farming. The following are some of the problems other states associate
with elk farming reported to the Division:
MONTANA Karen Zachiem with Montana Parks and Wildlife reported that Montana
allows game farming. Initial regulations were inadequate to protect the state's
wildlife resources. The state has tried to tighten up regulations related to
game farming, resulting in a series of lawsuits against the state from elk
ranchers. Zachiem reported that the tightening of regulations was in response to
the discovery of TB in wildlife (elk, deer, and coyotes) surrounding a TB
infected game farm. TB has been found on several game farms in Montana. Also,
they have had problems with wildlife entering game farms as well as game farm
animals escaping the farms. Finally, there has been a growth in shooting ranches
in Montana. Game farmers allow hunters to come into enclosures to kill trophy
game farm animals, raising the issues of fair chase and hunting ethics.
WASHINGTON Rolph Johnson with the Washington Department of Fish and
Wildlife, reported that Washington allows game farming, but it is strictly
regulated to safeguard wildlife. Washington opposed the law when first proposed
for the following reasons: introduction of disease and parasites; hybridization
of wildlife species; habitat loss; health risks to humans, wildlife, and
livestock; and state responsibility to recover or destroy escaped elk. Game
farming is not cost effective due to the restrictions needed to prevent these
problems.
NEW MEXICO Jerry Macacchini, with New Mexico Game and Fish, reported that
New Mexico has problems with game farming and a moratorium on elk and game
farming has been imposed by the state at the request of its citizens. Problems
identified in the moratorium were: escaped game farm animals; theft of native
elk herds; and disease.
OREGON Dan Edwards, with Oregon Fish and Wildlife, reported that Oregon has
very little elk farming and is now prohibited by regulation. The elk farms that
are in operation existed prior to the adoption of game farm regulations.
Individuals who want to elk farm, must buy out an existing elk farm owner. Elk
farms are no longer permitted due to, "...current and imminent threats to
Oregon's native deer and elk herds and social and economic values.'' Oregon has
documented numerous game farm animals that have escapeed from private game
farms. Concerns about elk farming arose during public elk management meetings.
The impacts of privately held cervids on publicly owned wildlife were a
recurring issue throughout the elk management process. Key issues included:
disease and parasites; escape and interbreeding of domestic animals with native
wildlife; illegal kills for meat; and theft of public wildlife.
WYOMING Harry Harju, assistant wildlife chief with Wyoming Fish and Game,
reported that elk or game farming is now prohibited in Wyoming. Only one game
ranch exists in Wyoming, which was operating before the passage of the law. The
state of Wyoming was sued by several game breeders associations for not allowing
elk farming. The game breeders lost their suit in the United States Court of
Appeals, Tenth Circuit. The court maintained that the state had authority to
regulate commerce and protect wildlife. Wyoming has had problems with big game
farming originating in surrounding states. Wyoming has documented the harvest of
red deer and their hybrids during elk hunts on the Snowy Mountain range that
borders Colorado. Wyoming speculates that the red deer were escapees from
Colorado game farms. Hybridization is viewed as threat to the genetic integrity
of Wyoming's wild elk population. In a public hearing, the public voted against
game farms in the state of Wyoming. Wyoming's Cattlemen's Association and
Department of Agriculture opposed elk and big game farms, as well, particularly
due to disease risks. Brucellosis is a major problem for wildlife and livestock
in the Yellowstone Basin.
NEVADA Nevada reports that big game farms are allowed in Nevada. Nevada has
not had any problems as a result of big game farms. However, Nevada has only one
big game farm in the entire state and it is a reindeer farm. IDAHO Wildlife
Chief Tom Rienecker reported that Idaho Fish and Game once regulated elk farming
in their state, but lost jurisdiction of elk farming to the Department of
Agriculture as a result of pressure from elk farmers. Idaho has 20-30 big game
ranches. Idaho has had problems with escapes and several law enforcement cases
have been filed against suspects who have taken calves out of the wild for elk
farming purposes. Disease has not been a problem for Idaho.
COLORADO John Seidel, with Colorado Division of Wildlife, reported that the
Division used to regulate big game farming until the big game breeders
association petitioned for the Department of Agriculture to assume authority
over big game farming because too many citations were issued to elk farms for
violations. Colorado experienced numerous poaching incidents with elk calves
from the wild and theft of whole herds of wild elk captured in private farms.
Seidel reported that some of the larger "elk shooting ranches" have been
investigated and charged with capturing wild herds of elk within the shooting
preserve fences. Seidel reported that there have been documented problems with
disease (TB); escaped hybrids and exotics; intrusion of rutting wild elk into
game farms; massive recapture efforts for escapees and intruders; and loss of
huge tracts of land fenced for shooting preserves/ranches. Based on their
experiences, the Colorado Division of Wildlife wishes they did not have big game
farms in Colorado. Seidel believes that CEBA would fight hard to open Utah to
elk farming to provide a market for breeding stock in Utah ($3,000 & up for
a bull and $8,000 & up for a breeding cow).
ARIZONA The Arizona Game and Fish Department reports that elk farming is
legal in Arizona but the agency would not allow it if they had to do it all over
again. Arizona reported the loss of huge blocks of land to fencing and some
disease problems. ALBERTA, CANADA Alberta has allowed elk farming for a number
of years. To date, Alberta has spent $10,000,000 and destroyed 2,000 elk in an
unsuccessful attempt to control the spread of tuberculosis. Based upon the game
farming experiences of these states, their recommendation to Utah was not to
allow elk farming.
OTHER The Division has contacted several state and federal veterinarians.
The opinions of some agricultural veterinarians differed from wildlife
veterinarians. Some veterinarians endorsed elk farming with the right regulatory
safeguards. Other veterinarians opposed elk farming due to the risks to wildlife
and livestock. This issue needs a more comprehensive review. The Division also
contacted a Special Agent with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service who conducted
a covert investigation in Colorado to gather intelligence on elk farming and
detect poaching activity of wild elk. Although poaching was not detected, the
agent described his experience with pyramid schemes in elk sales; lack of a meat
market; falsification of veterinarian records for farmed elk; escapes and
intrusions between wild and captive elk; inadequate inspections by brand
inspectors; transportation of TB infected elk; and the temperament of the elk
themselves. The Colorado Elk Breeders Association (CEBA) told the Division that
CEBA did not approve of elk poaching and has turned in fellow elk farmers for
poaching live elk calves from the wild.
CEBA told Utah legislators that the Colorado Division of Wildlife did not
like elk ranching at first, but has come to see that elk farming is not as bad
as they originally thought it would be. The Colorado Division of Wildlife
disagreed with CEBA's perception of their relationship.
Keep 'em wild: Montana should ban canned hunts. Whitefish elk farm draws
fire from hunters, biologists By STEVE THOMPSON Missoula Independent, also the
Whitefish Pilot 13 Sep 1998 Ph: 406/862-3795 Fax: 406/862-5344
snip...
snip...
see more here;
CWD policies in various states SCWDS BRIEFS April 1998 Issue State Fish
& Game Departments: all 50 states
Nebraska Dept of Agriculture and Game and Parks
On April 9, 1998, chronic wasting disease (CWD) was diagnosed in a captive
elk in Nebraska.� This discovery follows the confirmation of CWD in two captive
elk herds in South Dakota earlier this year.� The Nebraska elk was a 4 1/2-year
old male that was among a privately owned herd of approximately 150 elk.� The
health of the animal had deteriorated for about 2 months before it died.�
Confirmation of CWD was made by the USDA's National Veterinary Services
Laboratories in Ames, Iowa. The case history revealed that the affected elk was
born on a farm on the Western Slope of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado, but it
was on two additional Colorado farms before it arrived in Nebraska at 2 to 2 1/2
years of age.� One of the Colorado premises was in the known CWD-endemic region
along the Eastern Slope of the Rocky Mountains in northcentral Colorado.
snip...
CWD News:
Under-diagnosis in elk: 10/17 prove positive with better
method21 Jan 99 -- Utah hunter: CWD blood
recall?20 Dec 98 -- Bad news on game farm elk
CWD12 Nov 98 --Colorado CJD tragedy and CWD
concerns11 Oct 98 -- Nevada testing deer and elk for
CWD23 Jun 98 -- Elk CWD spreading on game
farms19 Mar 98 -- BSE Inquiry: Day 6 -- Mink and
CWD misinformation19 Mar 98 -- CWD: spreading it around19 Mar 98 -- CWD: failed eradication
attempts19 Mar 98 -- CWD in Estes Park: what goes
on at Lexington Lane?19 Mar 98 -- 14 facilities where CWD has been
found19 Mar 98 -- How did CWD get started and
spread?19 Mar 98 -- Elk growers ask for
surveillance in N. Dakota19 Mar 98 -- Ban on elk antlers in human food
rejected19 Mar 98 -- CWD in High Country
News19 Mar 98 -- CWD Web
Resources14 Feb 98 -- Colorado's dementia experiment in
humans24 Feb 98 -- Feds need to take control over Colorado
CWD14 Feb 98 -- Surveillance for chronic
wasting disease in Colorado14 Feb 98 -- CWD by river drainage14 Feb 98 -- Some early history of CWD10 Jul 97 -- Chronic Wasting Disease in
Canada23 Jul 98 -- Saskatchewan elk disease
waning?14 Feb 98 -- More chronic wasting disease
news: 1, 214 Feb 98 -- Welcome to Stetsonville07 Feb 98 -- Deer in three Wyoming counties infected with
chronic wasting disease07 Feb 98 -- Chronic wasting disease: deer-to-cattle
shown07 Feb 98 -- Worry over CWD hazards05 Feb 98 -- Canada reports CWD in mule deer on game
farms07 Feb 98 -- Dr. Steven Dealler on CWD
risks27 Jan 98 -- Concerned rancher writes in about deer
feeding habits03 Feb 98 -- To eat or not to eat is the hunter's
question01 Mar 97 -- CWD and hunters square off in
Colorado01 Apr 97 -- CWD: lab progress is slow01 Mar 97 -- Mystery of CWD in US deer, elk
explained?Chronic wasting disease update
CWD Science:
snip...see ;
Thursday, February 09, 2012
50 GAME FARMS IN USA INFECTED WITH CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE
Friday, February 03, 2012
Wisconsin Farm-Raised Deer Farms and CWD there from 2012 report Singeltary
et al
These findings demonstrate that when CWD is directly inoculated into the
brain of cattle, 86% of inoculated cattle develop clinical signs of the disease.
UPDATED CORRESPONDENCE FROM AUTHORS OF THIS STUDY I.E. COLBY, PRUSINER ET
AL, ABOUT MY CONCERNS OF THE DISCREPANCY BETWEEN THEIR FIGURES AND MY FIGURES OF
THE STUDIES ON CWD TRANSMISSION TO CATTLE ;
----- Original Message -----
From: David Colby
To: flounder9@verizon.net
Cc: stanley@XXXXXXXX
Sent: Tuesday, March 01, 2011 8:25 AM
Subject: Re: FW: re-Prions David W. Colby1,* and Stanley B. Prusiner1,2 +
Author Affiliations
Dear Terry Singeltary,
Thank you for your correspondence regarding the review article Stanley
Prusiner and I recently wrote for Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives. Dr. Prusiner
asked that I reply to your message due to his busy schedule. We agree that the
transmission of CWD prions to beef livestock would be a troubling development
and assessing that risk is important. In our article, we cite a peer-reviewed
publication reporting confirmed cases of laboratory transmission based on
stringent criteria. The less stringent criteria for transmission described in
the abstract you refer to lead to the discrepancy between your numbers and ours
and thus the interpretation of the transmission rate. We stand by our assessment
of the literature--namely that the transmission rate of CWD to bovines appears
relatively low, but we recognize that even a low transmission rate could have
important implications for public health and we thank you for bringing attention
to this matter.
Warm Regards, David Colby
--
David Colby, PhDAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Chemical
EngineeringUniversity of Delaware
====================END...TSS==============
SNIP...SEE FULL TEXT ;
UPDATED DATA ON 2ND CWD STRAIN
Wednesday, September 08, 2010
CWD PRION CONGRESS SEPTEMBER 8-11 2010
Monday, February 14, 2011
THE ROLE OF PREDATION IN DISEASE CONTROL: A COMPARISON OF SELECTIVE AND
NONSELECTIVE REMOVAL ON PRION DISEASE DYNAMICS IN DEER
NO, NO, NOT NO, BUT HELL NO !
Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 47(1), 2011, pp. 78-93 © Wildlife Disease
Association 2011
Monday, January 05, 2009
CWD, GAME FARMS, BAITING, AND POLITICS
Saturday, March 10, 2012
*** CWD, GAME FARMS, urine, feces, soil, lichens, and banned mad cow
protein feed CUSTOM MADE for deer and elk
the captive cervid industry has been helping spreading cwd for decades into
the wild, to other farms, and to other countries (Korea), and it's high time to
stop it. if you are fortunate enough to have a bunch of land and a bunch of
money, that should not give you the right to pen up a bunch of cervids, modify
these cervids to look like an alien with it's man made spreads, then put a cow
bell on the back of a truck at feeding time, pay an absurd fee to shoot these
straw bred bucks, call it livestock, and then go out and shoot it and call it
hunting i.e. a sport, and then spread cwd to hail and back. to me, it would be
like going out on a big hunt, in the pasture down the street and killing a cow
every time i want to eat a steak, mounting the head, hanging it on the wall, and
calling it a sport. i just don't see it, but if some folks have to do it, for
whatever reason, and it's legal, i think you must have an insurance policy from
Loyd's of London or whom ever, that would cover what ever cost to that state you
are in, if a case of cwd is detected on your farm, to cover the cost to that
state, for ever farm that is confirmed with cwd. that should put a fast track on
validated a cwd live test, which they have, to test cervids, and rapidly
expedite the validating of the many other cwd/tse/prion test that are in the
pipeline. but if you don't test, if you don't test correctly, if you don't test
all ages, if you don't test in large enough numbers to find, if you don't test
where you know it might be, you probably will not find it. ...
WILD DEER AND ELK
NUMBER OF CWD TESTING WILD DEER AND ELK 2002 - 2012 = 910,136.
VOLUNTARY captive shooting pen farmed deer and elk program
number of CWD testing samples 2002-2012 = 188,624.
this is minus the SSS policy of the dead captive cervids found $ (old
mountain lion must have eaten it???), or (that old sickly looking deer that
might have CWD, just happened to escape???) ;
THIS SHOULD NEVER HAPPEN!!!
I STRENUOUSLY URGE, Chronic Wasting Disease Management Plan/Environmental
Impact Statement, Shenandoah National Park, NOT TO DO AS THE WIND CAVE NATIONAL
PARK APPEARS TO BE DESTINED TO DO, help spread CWD to hell back with a crazy
idea of using a helicopter to scatter cervids from a cwd endemic area, to areas
out side this area, to help with the overpopulation.
This plan by the Wind Cave National Park is one of the most ignorant moves
by a state or federal agency in regards to the CWD prion disease I have ever
seen, and if followed through with as planned, could be a death sentence to wild
cervid herds outside of the CWD endemic CWD zone in South Dakota. This plan
should be halted immediately, and never followed through with. you will reap
what you sow. ...
Tuesday, February 26, 2013
*** Planned elk drive from Wind Cave National Park raises question about
spread of disease
Friday, November 16, 2012
Yellowstone elk herds feeding grounds, or future killing grounds from CWD
Friday, February 08, 2013
*** Behavior of Prions in the Environment: Implications for Prion Biology
Tuesday, April 02, 2013
IMPORTANT: Cervid Industry and State Veterinarians on Rewriting Chronic
Wasting Disease Rule
Monday, March 18, 2013
PROCEEDINGS ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTEENTH ANNUAL MEETING of the UNITED STATES
ANIMAL HEALTH ASSOCIATION September 29 – October 5, 2011
see updated 2012 RESOLUTIONS
Saturday, February 04, 2012
Wisconsin 16 MONTH age limit on testing dead deer Game Farm CWD Testing
Protocol Needs To Be Revised
Tuesday, December 18, 2012
A Growing Threat How deer breeding could put public trust wildlife at risk
Friday, December 14, 2012
DEFRA U.K. What is the risk of Chronic Wasting Disease CWD being introduced
into Great Britain? A Qualitative Risk Assessment October 2012
snip...
In the USA, under the Food and Drug Administration’s BSE Feed Regulation
(21 CFR 589.2000) most material (exceptions include milk, tallow, and gelatin)
from deer and elk is prohibited for use in feed for ruminant animals. With
regards to feed for non-ruminant animals, under FDA law, CWD positive deer may
not be used for any animal feed or feed ingredients. For elk and deer considered
at high risk for CWD, the FDA recommends that these animals do not enter the
animal feed system. However, this recommendation is guidance and not a
requirement by law.
Animals considered at high risk for CWD include:
1) animals from areas declared to be endemic for CWD and/or to be CWD
eradication zones and
2) deer and elk that at some time during the 60-month period prior to
slaughter were in a captive herd that contained a CWD-positive animal.
Therefore, in the USA, materials from cervids other than CWD positive
animals may be used in animal feed and feed ingredients for non-ruminants.
The amount of animal PAP that is of deer and/or elk origin imported from
the USA to GB can not be determined, however, as it is not specified in TRACES.
It may constitute a small percentage of the 8412 kilos of non-fish origin
processed animal proteins that were imported from US into GB in 2011.
Overall, therefore, it is considered there is a __greater than negligible
risk___ that (nonruminant) animal feed and pet food containing deer and/or elk
protein is imported into GB.
There is uncertainty associated with this estimate given the lack of data
on the amount of deer and/or elk protein possibly being imported in these
products.
snip...
36% in 2007 (Almberg et al., 2011). In such areas, population declines of
deer of up to 30 to 50% have been observed (Almberg et al., 2011). In areas of
Colorado, the prevalence can be as high as 30% (EFSA, 2011).
The clinical signs of CWD in affected adults are weight loss and
behavioural changes that can span weeks or months (Williams, 2005). In addition,
signs might include excessive salivation, behavioural alterations including a
fixed stare and changes in interaction with other animals in the herd, and an
altered stance (Williams, 2005). These signs are indistinguishable from cervids
experimentally infected with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE).
Given this, if CWD was to be introduced into countries with BSE such as GB,
for example, infected deer populations would need to be tested to differentiate
if they were infected with CWD or BSE to minimise the risk of BSE entering the
human food-chain via affected venison.
snip...
The rate of transmission of CWD has been reported to be as high as 30% and
can approach 100% among captive animals in endemic areas (Safar et al., 2008).
snip...
In summary, in endemic areas, there is a medium probability that the soil
and surrounding environment is contaminated with CWD prions and in a
bioavailable form. In rural areas where CWD has not been reported and deer are
present, there is a greater than negligible risk the soil is contaminated with
CWD prion.
snip...
In summary, given the volume of tourists, hunters and servicemen moving
between GB and North America, the probability of at least one person travelling
to/from a CWD affected area and, in doing so, contaminating their clothing,
footwear and/or equipment prior to arriving in GB is greater than negligible.
For deer hunters, specifically, the risk is likely to be greater given the
increased contact with deer and their environment. However, there is significant
uncertainty associated with these estimates.
snip...
Therefore, it is considered that farmed and park deer may have a higher
probability of exposure to CWD transferred to the environment than wild deer
given the restricted habitat range and higher frequency of contact with tourists
and returning GB residents.
snip... see full text report here ;
Friday, December 14, 2012
DEFRA U.K. What is the risk of Chronic Wasting Disease CWD being introduced
into Great Britain? A Qualitative Risk Assessment October 2012
Filmed Saturday, March 16th as part of 85th OFAH Annual General Meeting and
Fish & Wildlife Conference.
I was to come here and explain federal policy on cwd.
it’s a mad cow type disease, and come to Canada with game farm animals, and
spread from game farms to the wild just like the science suggested it would.
and so, with this completely out of control now, and now having gone not
just to deer, but found in elk in Canada, and recently found in Alberta in a
Moose.
there are no known barriers and we don’t know where the heck is going to
end up, but the prognosis is nothing but bad.
so, what is the federal gov. protocol regarding CWD?
couple of problems here, we really don’t have a protocol for CWD.
everything is in flux, task force has 10 of the 18 members who’s agenda is not
to really solve the problem, they want to perpetuate what brought it here, there
agenda is to promote game farming. so we don’t’ have a protocol, and were not
going to get one.
game farming fostered a massive epidemic of chronic wasting disease. it was
brought here with game farm animals.
this TSE is highly contagious between living animals.
what happens if this jumps to people like mad cow did ?
could be one of the worst pandemics in history.
snip...
please see this very disturbing video speaking on the damage these shooting
pens have done to the wild...
Friday, April 12, 2013
Federal Protocol on Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) - Darrel Rowledge,
Alliance for Public Wildlife
December 01, 2012
The CDC for wildlife National center at forefront of wildlife disease
research Posted on November 19, 2012
By R. Scott Nolen
Friday, May 13, 2011
Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) outbreaks and surveillance program in the
Republic of Korea Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) outbreaks and surveillance
program in the Republic of Korea
On 28 December 2000, information from the Canadian government showed that a
total of 95 elk had been exported from farms with CWD to Korea. These consisted
of 23 elk in 1994 originating from the so-called “source farm” in Canada, and 72
elk in 1997, which had been held in pre export quarantine at the “source
farm”.Based on export information of CWD suspected elk from Canada to Korea, CWD
surveillance program was initiated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
(MAF) in 2001. All elks imported in 1997 were traced back, however elks imported
in 1994 were impossible to identify. CWD control measures included stamping out
of all animals in the affected farm, and thorough cleaning and disinfection of
the premises.
In addition, nationwide clinical surveillance of Korean native cervids, and
improved measures to ensure reporting of CWD suspect cases were implemented.
Total of 9 elks were found to be affected. CWD was designated as a notifiable
disease under the Act for Prevention of Livestock Epidemics in 2002.
Additional CWD cases - 12 elks and 2 elks - were diagnosed in 2004 and
2005.
Since February of 2005, when slaughtered elks were found to be positive,
all slaughtered cervid for human consumption at abattoirs were designated as
target of the CWD surveillance program.
Currently, CWD laboratory testing is only conducted by National Reference
Laboratory on CWD, which is the Foreign Animal Disease Division (FADD) of
National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service (NVRQS).
In July 2010, one out of 3 elks from Farm 1 which were slaughtered for the
human consumption was confirmed as positive.
Consequently, all cervid – 54 elks, 41 Sika deer and 5 Albino deer – were
culled and one elk was found to be positive.
Epidemiological investigations were conducted by Veterinary Epidemiology
Division (VED) of NVRQS in collaboration with provincial veterinary services.
Epidemiologically related farms were found as 3 farms and all cervid at
these farms were culled and subjected to CWD diagnosis.
Three elks and 5 crossbreeds (Red deer and Sika deer) were confirmed as
positive at farm 2. All cervids at Farm 3 and Farm 4 – 15 elks and 47 elks –
were culled and confirmed as negative.
Further epidemiological investigations showed that these CWD outbreaks were
linked to the importation of elks from Canada in 1994 based on circumstantial
evidences.
In December 2010, one elk was confirmed as positive at Farm 5.
Consequently, all cervid – 3 elks, 11 Manchurian Sika deer and 20 Sika deer –
were culled and one Manchurian Sika deer and seven Sika deer were found to be
positive.
This is the first report of CWD in these sub-species of deer.
Epidemiological investigations found that the owner of the Farm 2 in CWD
outbreaks in July 2010 had co-owned the Farm 5. In addition, it was newly
revealed that one positive elk was introduced from Farm 6 of Jinju-si Gyeongsang
Namdo. All cervid – 19 elks, 15 crossbreed (species unknown) and 64 Sika deer –
of Farm 6 were culled, but all confirmed as negative.
: Corresponding author: Dr. Hyun-Joo Sohn (+82-31-467-1867, E-mail:
shonhj@korea.kr)
2011 Pre-congress Workshop: TSEs in animals and their environment 5
Additional Cases of Chronic Wasting Disease in Imported Deer in Korea
*Tae-Yung KIM1) 3), *Hyun-Joo SHON2), *Yi-Seok JOO2), *Un-Kyong MUN2),
*Kyung-Sun KANG3), *Yong-Soon LEE3)
1) Animal Health Division, Ministry of Agriculture & Forestry 2)
National Veterinary Research & Quarantine Service 3) Department of
Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National
University
Released 2005/09/05 received 2005/01/21 accepted 2005/05/27 Keywords:
Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD), horizontal transmission
Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD), which had previously occurred only in the
U.S.A. and Canada, broke out in a farm at Chungbuk, Korea from imported Canadian
deer (Aug. 8, 2001). CWD distribution, through surveillance and epidemiologic
investigations, was reported for 93 deer (43 from the CWD originating farm and
50 imported with the CWD originating farm's deer) out of 144 deer (72 from the
CWD originating farm and 72 imported with the CWD originating farm's deer) that
were breeding at 30 different farms. On Oct. 4 and Oct. 8, 2001, additional
cases of CWD were investigated. As a result of slaughtering cohabitating deer,
it was verified that other imported deer from Canada were also infected with
CWD. Since it was thought that this might cause horizontal transmission, 93 deer
imported from Canada in 1997 and 130 cohabitating Korean deer were slaughtered
and examined. There were no infected Korean deer, but CWD re-occurred on Nov.
20, 2004 and is still under investigation.
Our findings demonstrate that cervid PrPSc, upon strain adaptation by
serial passages in vitro or in cervid transgenic mice, is capable of converting
human PrPC to produce PrPSc with unique biochemical properties, likely
representing a new human prion strain. The newly generated CWD-huPrPSc material
has been inoculated into transgenic mice expressing human PrP to study
infectivity and disease phenotype and this data will be published elsewhere.
...end
Friday, August 24, 2012
Diagnostic accuracy of rectal mucosa biopsy testing for chronic wasting
disease within white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) herds in North America
The overall diagnostic specificity was 99.8%. Selective use of antemortem
rectal biopsy sample testing would provide valuable information during disease
investigations of CWD-suspect deer herds.
Tuesday, April 09, 2013
EFFICACY OF ANTEMORTEM RECTAL BIOPSIES TO DIAGNOSE AND ESTIMATE PREVALENCE
OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE IN FREE-RANGING COW ELK (CERVUS ELAPHUS NELSONI)
more concern here ;
Saturday, November 12, 2011
Human Prion Disease and Relative Risk Associated with Chronic Wasting
Disease
Fri, 22 Sep 2006 09:05:59 –0500
Monday, June 27, 2011
Zoonotic Potential of CWD: Experimental Transmissions to Non-Human Primates
CJD9/10022
October 1994
Mr R.N. Elmhirst Chairman British Deer Farmers Association Holly Lodge
Spencers Lane BerksWell Coventry CV7 7BZ
Dear Mr Elmhirst,
CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE (CJD) SURVEILLANCE UNIT REPORT
Thank you for your recent letter concerning the publication of the third
annual report from the CJD Surveillance Unit. I am sorry that you are
dissatisfied with the way in which this report was published.
The Surveillance Unit is a completely independant outside body and the
Department of Health is committed to publishing their reports as soon as they
become available. In the circumstances it is not the practice to circulate the
report for comment since the findings of the report would not be amended. In
future we can ensure that the British Deer Farmers Association receives a copy
of the report in advance of publication.
The Chief Medical Officer has undertaken to keep the public fully informed
of the results of any research in respect of CJD. This report was entirely the
work of the unit and was produced completely independantly of the the
Department.
The statistical results reqarding the consumption of venison was put into
perspective in the body of the report and was not mentioned at all in the press
release. Media attention regarding this report was low key but gave a realistic
presentation of the statistical findings of the Unit. This approach to
publication was successful in that consumption of venison was highlighted only
once by the media ie. in the News at one television proqramme.
I believe that a further statement about the report, or indeed statistical
links between CJD and consumption of venison, would increase, and quite possibly
give damaging credence, to the whole issue. From the low key media reports of
which I am aware it seems unlikely that venison consumption will suffer
adversely, if at all.
Tuesday, June 05, 2012
Captive Deer Breeding Legislation Overwhelmingly Defeated During 2012
Legislative Session
Friday, August 31, 2012
COMMITTEE ON CAPTIVE WILDLIFE AND ALTERNATIVE LIVESTOCK and CWD 2009-2012 a
review
The chances of a person or domestic animal contracting CWD are “extremely
remote,” Richards said. The possibility can’t be ruled out, however. “One could
look at it like a game of chance,” he explained. “The odds (of infection)
increase over time because of repeated exposure. That’s one of the downsides of
having CWD in free-ranging herds: We’ve got this infectious agent out there that
we can never say never to in terms of (infecting) people and domestic
livestock.”
*** The potential impact of prion diseases on human health was greatly
magnified by the recognition that interspecies transfer of BSE to humans by beef
ingestion resulted in vCJD. While changes in animal feed constituents and
slaughter practices appear to have curtailed vCJD, there is concern that CWD of
free-ranging deer and elk in the U.S. might also cross the species barrier.
Thus, consuming venison could be a source of human prion disease. Whether BSE
and CWD represent interspecies scrapie transfer or are newly arisen prion
diseases is unknown. Therefore, the possibility of transmission of prion disease
through other food animals cannot be ruled out. There is evidence that vCJD can
be transmitted through blood transfusion. There is likely a pool of unknown size
of asymptomatic individuals infected with vCJD, and there may be asymptomatic
individuals infected with the CWD equivalent. These circumstances represent a
potential threat to blood, blood products, and plasma supplies.
Friday, November 09, 2012
*** Chronic Wasting Disease CWD in cervidae and transmission to other
species
Sunday, November 11, 2012
*** Susceptibilities of Nonhuman Primates to Chronic Wasting Disease
November 2012
Friday, December 14, 2012
Susceptibility Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) in wild cervids to Humans 2005
- December 14, 2012
Saturday, June 09, 2012
USDA Establishes a Herd Certification Program for Chronic Wasting Disease
in the United States
Singeltary Submission;
Friday, October 12, 2012
Texas Animal Health Commission (TAHC) is Now Accepting Comments on Rule
Proposals for “Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD)”
TO: comments@tahc.state.tx.us; Texas Animal Health Commission (TAHC)
Singeltary Submission;
HARVARD BSE RISK ASSESSMENT AND REASSESSMENT OF SUPPRESSED HARVARD RISK
ASSESSMENT THAT WAS SO FLAWED $$$
Thursday, February 14, 2013
The Many Faces of Mad Cow Disease Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE and
TSE prion disease
*** atypical Nor-98 Scrapie has spread from coast to coast in the USA 2012
NIAA Annual Conference April 11-14, 2011
San Antonio, Texas
Wednesday, May 16, 2012
Alzheimer’s disease and Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy prion
disease, Iatrogenic, what if ?
Proposal ID: 29403
Letters
JAMA. 2001;285(6):733-734. doi: 10.1001/jama.285.6.733
Diagnosis and Reporting of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
Terry S. Singeltary, Sr Bacliff, Tex
Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first
150 words of the full text.
KEYWORDS: creutzfeldt-jakob disease, diagnosis.
To the Editor: In their Research Letter, Dr Gibbons and colleagues1
reported that the annual US death rate due to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)
has been stable since 1985. These estimates, however, are based only on reported
cases, and do not include misdiagnosed or preclinical cases. It seems to me that
misdiagnosis alone would drastically change these figures. An unknown number of
persons with a diagnosis of Alzheimer disease in fact may have CJD, although
only a small number of these patients receive the postmortem examination
necessary to make this diagnosis. Furthermore, only a few states have made CJD
reportable. Human and animal transmissible spongiform encephalopathies should be
reportable nationwide and internationally.
References 1. Gibbons RV, Holman RC, Belay ED, Schonberger LB.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the United States: 1979-1998. JAMA.
2000;284:2322-2323.
Published March 26, 2003
RE-Monitoring the occurrence of emerging forms of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
in the United States
Terry S. Singeltary, retired (medically)
I lost my mother to hvCJD (Heidenhain Variant CJD). I would like to comment
on the CDC's attempts to monitor the occurrence of emerging forms of CJD.
Asante, Collinge et al [1] have reported that BSE transmission to the
129-methionine genotype can lead to an alternate phenotype that is
indistinguishable from type 2 PrPSc, the commonest sporadic CJD. However, CJD
and all human TSEs are not reportable nationally. CJD and all human TSEs must be
made reportable in every state and internationally. I hope that the CDC does not
continue to expect us to still believe that the 85%+ of all CJD cases which are
sporadic are all spontaneous, without route/source. We have many TSEs in the USA
in both animal and man. CWD in deer/elk is spreading rapidly and CWD does
transmit to mink, ferret, cattle, and squirrel monkey by intracerebral
inoculation. With the known incubation periods in other TSEs, oral transmission
studies of CWD may take much longer. Every victim/family of CJD/TSEs should be
asked about route and source of this agent. To prolong this will only spread the
agent and needlessly expose others. In light of the findings of Asante and
Collinge et al, there should be drastic measures to safeguard the medical and
surgical arena from sporadic CJDs and all human TSEs. I only ponder how many
sporadic CJDs in the USA are type 2 PrPSc?
Published March 26, 2003
THE PATHOLOGICAL PROTEIN
BY Philip Yam Yam Philip Yam News Editor Scientific American www.sciam.com
Answering critics like Terry Singeltary, who feels that the U.S. under-
counts CJD, Schonberger conceded that the current surveillance system has errors
but stated that most of the errors will be confined to the older population.
CHAPTER 14
Laying Odds
Are prion diseases more prevalent than we thought?
Researchers and government officials badly underestimated the threat that
mad cow disease posed when it first appeared in Britain. They didn't think
bovine spongiform encephalopathy was a zoonosis-an animal disease that can
sicken people. The 1996 news that BSE could infect humans with a new form of
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease stunned the world. It also got some biomedical
researchers wondering whether sporadic CJD may really be a manifestation of a
zoonotic sickness. Might it be caused by the ingestion of prions, as variant CJD
is?
Revisiting Sporadic CJD
It's not hard to get Terry Singeltary going. "I have my conspiracy
theories," admitted the 49-year-old Texan.1 Singeltary is probably the nation's
most relentless consumer advocate when it comes to issues in prion diseases. He
has helped families learn about the sickness and coordinated efforts with
support groups such as CJD Voice and the CJD Foundation. He has also connected
with others who are critical of the American way of handling the threat of prion
diseases. Such critics include Consumers Union's Michael Hansen, journalist John
Stauber, and Thomas Pringle, who used to run the voluminous www.madcow. org Web
site. These three lend their expertise to newspaper and magazine stories about
prion diseases, and they usually argue that prions represent more of a threat
than people realize, and that the government has responded poorly to the dangers
because it is more concerned about protecting the beef industry than people's
health.
Singeltary has similar inclinations. ...
snip...
THE PATHOLOGICAL PROTEIN
Hardcover, 304 pages plus photos and illustrations. ISBN 0-387-95508-9
June 2003 BY Philip Yam
CHAPTER 14 LAYING ODDS
Answering critics like Terry Singeltary, who feels that the U.S. under-
counts CJD, Schonberger conceded that the current surveillance system has errors
but stated that most of the errors will be confined to the older population.
14th ICID International Scientific Exchange Brochure -
Final Abstract Number: ISE.114
Session: International Scientific Exchange
Transmissible Spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) animal and human TSE in North
America update October 2009
T. Singeltary
Bacliff, TX, USA
Background:
An update on atypical BSE and other TSE in North America. Please remember,
the typical U.K. c-BSE, the atypical l-BSE (BASE), and h-BSE have all been
documented in North America, along with the typical scrapie's, and atypical
Nor-98 Scrapie, and to date, 2 different strains of CWD, and also TME. All these
TSE in different species have been rendered and fed to food producing animals
for humans and animals in North America (TSE in cats and dogs ?), and that the
trading of these TSEs via animals and products via the USA and Canada has been
immense over the years, decades.
Methods:
12 years independent research of available data
Results:
I propose that the current diagnostic criteria for human TSEs only enhances
and helps the spreading of human TSE from the continued belief of the UKBSEnvCJD
only theory in 2009. With all the science to date refuting it, to continue to
validate this old myth, will only spread this TSE agent through a multitude of
potential routes and sources i.e. consumption, medical i.e., surgical, blood,
dental, endoscopy, optical, nutritional supplements, cosmetics etc.
Conclusion:
I would like to submit a review of past CJD surveillance in the USA, and
the urgent need to make all human TSE in the USA a reportable disease, in every
state, of every age group, and to make this mandatory immediately without
further delay. The ramifications of not doing so will only allow this agent to
spread further in the medical, dental, surgical arena's. Restricting the
reporting of CJD and or any human TSE is NOT scientific. Iatrogenic CJD knows NO
age group, TSE knows no boundaries. I propose as with Aguzzi, Asante, Collinge,
Caughey, Deslys, Dormont, Gibbs, Gajdusek, Ironside, Manuelidis, Marsh, et al
and many more, that the world of TSE Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy is
far from an exact science, but there is enough proven science to date that this
myth should be put to rest once and for all, and that we move forward with a new
classification for human and animal TSE that would properly identify the
infected species, the source species, and then the route.
GERMAN DER SPIEGEL MAGAZINE
Die BSE-Angst erreicht Amerika: Trotz strikter Auflagen gelangte in Texas
verbotenes Tiermehl ins Rinderfutter - die Kontrollen der Aufsichtsbehörden
sind lax.
snip...
"Löcher wie in einem Schweizer Käse" hat auch Terry Singeltary im
Regelwerk der FDA ausgemacht. Der Texaner kam auf einem tragischen Umweg zu dem
Thema: Nachdem seine Mutter 1997 binnen weniger Wochen an der
Creutzfeldt-Jakob-Krankheit gestorben war, versuchte er, die Ursachen der
Infektion aufzuspüren. Er klagte auf die Herausgabe von Regierungsdokumenten und
arbeitete sich durch Fachliteratur; heute ist er überzeugt, dass seine Mutter
durch die stetige Einnahme von angeblich kräftigenden Mitteln erkrankte, in
denen - völlig legal - Anteile aus Rinderprodukten enthalten sind.
Von der Fachwelt wurde Singeltary lange als versponnener Außenseiter
belächelt. Doch mittlerweile sorgen sich auch Experten, dass ausgerechnet diese
verschreibungsfreien Wundercocktails zur Stärkung von Intelligenz, Immunsystem
oder Libido von den Importbeschränkungen ausgenommen sind. Dabei enthalten die
Pillen und Ampullen, die in Supermärkten verkauft werden, exotische Mixturen aus
Rinderaugen; dazu Extrakte von Hypophyse oder Kälberföten, Prostata, Lymphknoten
und gefriergetrocknetem Schweinemagen. In die USA hereingelassen werden auch
Blut, Fett, Gelatine und Samen. Diese Stoffe tauchen noch immer in US-Produkten
auf, inklusive Medizin und Kosmetika.
Selbst in Impfstoffen waren möglicherweise gefährliche Rinderprodukte
enthalten. Zwar fordert die FDA schon seit acht Jahren die US-Pharmaindustrie
auf, keine Stoffe aus Ländern zu benutzen, in denen die Gefahr einer
BSE-Infizierung besteht. Aber erst kürzlich verpflichteten sich fünf
Unternehmen, darunter Branchenführer wie GlaxoSmithKline, Aventis und American
Home Products, ihre Seren nur noch aus unverdächtigem Material herzustellen.
Angesichts langjähriger Versäumnisse sei die Reaktion der Behörden
"beängstigend langsam", rügen Verbraucherschutzgruppen wie das Ärztekomitee für
verantwortliche Medizin. Sein Präsident Neal Barnard fordert: "Wir sollten von
den Fehlern der Europäer lernen und strikte Vorsichtsregeln verhängen."
snip...
see full text pdf article ;
Views & Reviews
Monitoring the occurrence of emerging forms of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in
the United States
Ermias D. Belay, MD, Ryan A. Maddox, MPH, Pierluigi Gambetti, MD and
Lawrence B. Schonberger, MD + Author Affiliations
From the Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases (Drs. Belay and
Schonberger and R.A. Maddox), National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; and National Prion Disease
Pathology Surveillance Center (Dr. Gambetti), Division of Neuropathology,
Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Ermias D. Belay, 1600
Clifton Road, Mailstop A-39, Atlanta, GA 30333.
RE-Monitoring the occurrence of emerging forms of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
in the United States
Terry S. Singeltary, retired (medically) CJD WATCH
I lost my mother to hvCJD (Heidenhain Variant CJD). I would like to comment
on the CDC's attempts to monitor the occurrence of emerging forms of CJD.
Asante, Collinge et al [1] have reported that BSE transmission to the
129-methionine genotype can lead to an alternate phenotype that is
indistinguishable from type 2 PrPSc, the commonest sporadic CJD. However, CJD
and all human TSEs are not reportable nationally. CJD and all human TSEs must be
made reportable in every state and internationally. I hope that the CDC does not
continue to expect us to still believe that the 85%+ of all CJD cases which are
sporadic are all spontaneous, without route/source. We have many TSEs in the USA
in both animal and man. CWD in deer/elk is spreading rapidly and CWD does
transmit to mink, ferret, cattle, and squirrel monkey by intracerebral
inoculation. With the known incubation periods in other TSEs, oral transmission
studies of CWD may take much longer. Every victim/family of CJD/TSEs should be
asked about route and source of this agent. To prolong this will only spread the
agent and needlessly expose others. In light of the findings of Asante and
Collinge et al, there should be drastic measures to safeguard the medical and
surgical arena from sporadic CJDs and all human TSEs. I only ponder how many
sporadic CJDs in the USA are type 2 PrPSc?
2 January 2000
British Medical Journal
U.S. Scientist should be concerned with a CJD epidemic in the U.S., as well
15 November 1999
British Medical Journal
vCJD in the USA * BSE in U.S.
Saturday, January 2, 2010
Human Prion Diseases in the United States January 1, 2010 ***FINAL***
re-Human Prion Diseases in the United States Posted by flounder on 01 Jan
2010 at 18:11 GMT
I kindly disagree with your synopsis for the following reasons ;
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
Volume 3, Number 8 01 August 2003
Newsdesk
Tracking spongiform encephalopathies in North America
Xavier Bosch
My name is Terry S Singeltary Sr, and I live in Bacliff, Texas. I lost my
mom to hvCJD (Heidenhain variant CJD) and have been searching for answers ever
since. What I have found is that we have not been told the truth. CWD in deer
and elk is a small portion of a much bigger problem. 49-year-old Singeltary is
one of a number of people who have remained largely unsatisfied after being told
that a close relative died from a rapidly progressive dementia compatible with
spontaneous Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). So he decided to gather hundreds of
documents on transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) and realised that
if Britons could get variant CJD from bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE),
Americans might get a similar disorder from chronic wasting disease (CWD)the
relative of mad cow disease seen among deer and elk in the USA. Although his
feverish search did not lead him to the smoking gun linking CWD to a similar
disease in North American people, it did uncover a largely disappointing
situation. Singeltary was greatly demoralised at the few attempts to monitor the
occurrence of CJD and CWD in the USA. Only a few states have made CJD
reportable. Human and animal TSEs should be reportable nationwide and
internationally, he complained in a letter to the Journal of the American
Medical Association (JAMA 2003; 285: 733). I hope that the CDC does not continue
to expect us to still believe that the 85% plus of all CJD cases which are
sporadic are all spontaneous, without route or source. Until recently, CWD was
thought to be confined to the wild in a small region in Colorado. But since
early 2002, it has been reported in other areas, including Wisconsin, South
Dakota, and the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. Indeed, the occurrence of CWD
in states that were not endemic previously increased concern about a widespread
outbreak and possible transmission to people and cattle. To date, experimental
studies have proven that the CWD agent can be transmitted to cattle by
intracerebral inoculation and that it can cross the mucous membranes of the
digestive tract to initiate infection in lymphoid tissue before invasion of the
central nervous system. Yet the plausibility of CWD spreading to people has
remained elusive. Getting data on TSEs in the USA from the government is like
pulling teeth, Singeltary argues. You get it when they want you to have it, and
only what they want you to have.
SNIP...FULL TEXT ;
Tuesday, March 05, 2013
A closer look at prion strains Characterization and important implications
Prion
7:2, 99–108; March/April 2013; © 2013 Landes Bioscience
Thursday, February 21, 2013
National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Center Cases Examined January
16, 2013
16 YEAR OLD SPORADIC FFI ?
Monday, January 14, 2013
Gambetti et al USA Prion Unit change another highly suspect USA mad cow
victim to another fake name i.e. sporadic FFI at age 16 CJD Foundation goes
along with this BSe
Monday, December 31, 2012
Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease and Human TSE Prion Disease in Washington State,
2006–2011-2012
Tuesday, December 25, 2012
CREUTZFELDT JAKOB TSE PRION DISEASE HUMANS END OF YEAR REVIEW DECEMBER 25,
2012
Tuesday, June 26, 2012
Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease Human TSE report update North America, Canada,
Mexico, and USDA PRION UNIT as of May 18, 2012
type determination pending Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease (tdpCJD), is on the
rise in Canada and the USA
Wednesday, June 13, 2012
MEXICO IS UNDER or MIS DIAGNOSING CREUTZFELDT JAKOB DISEASE AND OTHER PRION
DISEASE SOME WITH POSSIBLE nvCJD
*** The discovery of previously unrecognized prion diseases in both humans
and animals (i.e., Nor98 in small ruminants) demonstrates that the range of
prion diseases might be wider than expected and raises crucial questions about
the epidemiology and strain properties of these new forms. We are investigating
this latter issue by molecular and biological comparison of VPSPr, GSS and
Nor98.
VARIABLY PROTEASE-SENSITVE PRIONOPATHY IS TRANSMISSIBLE ...price of prion
poker goes up again $
OR-10: Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy is transmissible in bank
voles
Romolo Nonno,1 Michele Di Bari,1 Laura Pirisinu,1 Claudia D’Agostino,1
Stefano Marcon,1 Geraldina Riccardi,1 Gabriele Vaccari,1 Piero Parchi,2 Wenquan
Zou,3 Pierluigi Gambetti,3 Umberto Agrimi1 1Istituto Superiore di Sanità; Rome,
Italy; 2Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna; Bologna,
Italy; 3Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland, OH USA
Background. Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy (VPSPr) is a recently
described “sporadic”neurodegenerative disease involving prion protein
aggregation, which has clinical similarities with non-Alzheimer dementias, such
as fronto-temporal dementia. Currently, 30 cases of VPSPr have been reported in
Europe and USA, of which 19 cases were homozygous for valine at codon 129 of the
prion protein (VV), 8 were MV and 3 were MM. A distinctive feature of VPSPr is
the electrophoretic pattern of PrPSc after digestion with proteinase K (PK).
After PK-treatment, PrP from VPSPr forms a ladder-like electrophoretic pattern
similar to that described in GSS cases. The clinical and pathological features
of VPSPr raised the question of the correct classification of VPSPr among prion
diseases or other forms of neurodegenerative disorders. Here we report
preliminary data on the transmissibility and pathological features of VPSPr
cases in bank voles.
Materials and Methods. Seven VPSPr cases were inoculated in two genetic
lines of bank voles, carrying either methionine or isoleucine at codon 109 of
the prion protein (named BvM109 and BvI109, respectively). Among the VPSPr cases
selected, 2 were VV at PrP codon 129, 3 were MV and 2 were MM. Clinical
diagnosis in voles was confirmed by brain pathological assessment and western
blot for PK-resistant PrPSc (PrPres) with mAbs SAF32, SAF84, 12B2 and 9A2.
Results. To date, 2 VPSPr cases (1 MV and 1 MM) gave positive transmission
in BvM109. Overall, 3 voles were positive with survival time between 290 and 588
d post inoculation (d.p.i.). All positive voles accumulated PrPres in the form
of the typical PrP27–30, which was indistinguishable to that previously observed
in BvM109 inoculated with sCJDMM1 cases.
In BvI109, 3 VPSPr cases (2 VV and 1 MM) showed positive transmission until
now. Overall, 5 voles were positive with survival time between 281 and 596
d.p.i.. In contrast to what observed in BvM109, all BvI109 showed a GSS-like
PrPSc electrophoretic pattern, characterized by low molecular weight PrPres.
These PrPres fragments were positive with mAb 9A2 and 12B2, while being negative
with SAF32 and SAF84, suggesting that they are cleaved at both the C-terminus
and the N-terminus. Second passages are in progress from these first successful
transmissions.
Conclusions. Preliminary results from transmission studies in bank voles
strongly support the notion that VPSPr is a transmissible prion disease.
Interestingly, VPSPr undergoes divergent evolution in the two genetic lines of
voles, with sCJD-like features in BvM109 and GSS-like properties in BvI109.
The discovery of previously unrecognized prion diseases in both humans and
animals (i.e., Nor98 in small ruminants) demonstrates that the range of prion
diseases might be wider than expected and raises crucial questions about the
epidemiology and strain properties of these new forms. We are investigating this
latter issue by molecular and biological comparison of VPSPr, GSS and Nor98.
Wednesday, March 28, 2012
VARIABLY PROTEASE-SENSITVE PRIONOPATHY IS TRANSMISSIBLE, price of prion
poker goes up again $
Tuesday, March 5, 2013
Use of Materials Derived From Cattle in Human Food and Cosmetics; Reopening
of the Comment Period FDA-2004-N-0188-0051 (TSS SUBMISSION)
FDA believes current regulation protects the public from BSE but reopens
comment period due to new studies
Sunday, March 31, 2013
Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease CJD worlds youngest documented victim, 11 years
old, shall we pray
Alzheimer’s disease and Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy prion
disease, Iatrogenic, what if ?
Background
Alzheimer’s disease and Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy disease
have both been around a long time, and was discovered in or around the same time
frame, early 1900’s. Both diseases are incurable and debilitating brain disease,
that are in the end, 100% fatal, with the incubation/clinical period of the
Alzheimer’s disease being longer (most of the time) than the TSE prion disease.
Symptoms are very similar, and pathology is very similar.
Methods
Through years of research, as a layperson, of peer review journals,
transmission studies, and observations of loved ones and friends that have died
from both Alzheimer’s and the TSE prion disease i.e. Heidenhain Variant
Creutzfelt Jakob Disease CJD.
Results
I propose that Alzheimer’s is a TSE disease of low dose, slow, and long
incubation disease, and that Alzheimer’s is Transmissible, and is a threat to
the public via the many Iatrogenic routes and sources. It was said long ago that
the only thing that disputes this, is Alzheimer’s disease transmissibility, or
the lack of. The likelihood of many victims of Alzheimer’s disease from the many
different Iatrogenic routes and modes of transmission as with the TSE prion
disease.
Conclusions
There should be a Global Congressional Science round table event set up
immediately to address these concerns from the many potential routes and sources
of the TSE prion disease, including Alzheimer’s disease, and a emergency global
doctrine put into effect to help combat the spread of Alzheimer’s disease via
the medical, surgical, dental, tissue, and blood arena’s. All human and animal
TSE prion disease, including Alzheimer’s should be made reportable in every
state, and Internationally, WITH NO age restrictions. Until a proven method of
decontamination and autoclaving is proven, and put forth in use universally, in
all hospitals and medical, surgical arena’s, or the TSE prion agent will
continue to spread. IF we wait until science and corporate politicians wait
until politics lets science _prove_ this once and for all, and set forth
regulations there from, we will all be exposed to the TSE Prion agents, if that
has not happened already.
end...tss
SEE FULL TEXT AND SOURCE REFERENCES ;
Wednesday, May 16, 2012
Alzheimer’s disease and Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy prion
disease, Iatrogenic, what if ?
Proposal ID: 29403
layperson
Terry S. Singeltary Sr. P.O. Box 42 Bacliff, Texas USA 77518
flounder9@verizon.net
